In this week’s post EU exit corner, we bring you the latest guidance updates and publications relevant in the post EU exit environment. The most recent Trader Support Service bulletin is also available as is the latest Brexit and Beyond newsletter from the Northern Ireland Assembly EU Affairs team. HMRC has sent an update on the deployment of ICS2 and some new resources have been published to support traders sending goods from Great Britain to Northern Ireland. ICS2 deployment HMRC has sent the following message about the deployment of ICS2: “Deployment windows must be requested from the Member State where EORI is registered; they are not automatically applicable. Onboarding after 1 April must be requested from HMRC by emailing ics.helpdesk@hmrc.gov.uk. Goods moved by road should onboard to ICS2 between 1 April – 1 September 2025.  Your onboarding date must be no later than the end of the deployment window. For XI EORIs, you can request this from HMRC by emailing ics.helpdesk@hmrc.gov.uk. You will need to provide your: Company name, Company address, EORI number, What your role is in ICS2 process (e.g. air carrier, postal operator, house level filer), Your applicable deployment window dates (1 April – 1 September for road), and Date within this window that you expect to onboard. If you have any further question please don’t hesitate to contact us via our mailbox nistakeholderengagementteam@hmrc.gov.uk.” HMRC has also sent a detailed email on the new parcel and freight arrangements.” Resources for traders sending goods from Great Britain to Northern Ireland In relation to the new set of arrangements for the movement of goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland via both parcels and freight which will take effect from the revised date of 1 May 2025, HMRC’s NI customs team has developed a new FAQs sheet on the new arrangements. This has been developed from questions raised frequently by stakeholders. Queries on the new arrangements can be sent to the NI stakeholder email address nistakeholderengagementteam@hmrc.gov.uk. HMRC has also published key information you need to provide to your haulier. Miscellaneous guidance updates and publications When HMRC selects your goods for inland pre-clearance checks, Reference Documents for The Customs Tariff (Preferential Trade Arrangements) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Reference Documents for The Customs (Tariff Quotas) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Reference documents for The Customs (Reliefs from a Liability to Import Duty and Miscellaneous Amendments) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Reference document for authorised use: eligible goods and authorised uses, Reference Documents for The Customs Tariff (Suspension of Import Duty Rates) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Reference Document for The Customs (Origin of Chargeable Goods) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Reference Document for The Customs Tariff (Establishment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, Customs, VAT and excise UK transition legislation from 1 January 2021, Notices under The Customs Transit Procedures (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 , and Data Element 2/3: Documents and Other Reference Codes (Union) of the Customs Declaration Service.

Last week, US President Donald Trump announced a temporary suspension of the 20 percent tariffs on all imports from the EU for 90 days. During this time, baseline tariffs of 10 percent will still apply to imports from the EU into the US. Following the initial announcement of the 20 percent tariffs, calls were made for the US to engage in meaningful negotiation. The Institute’s Director of Members and Advocacy, Cróna Clohisey previously urged the Irish Government to work with the EU Commission to engage with the US administration in constructive dialogue prioritising solutions over a cycle of retaliatory measures. In his address to the Dail Eireann, Minister for Finance, Paschal Donohoe outlined that the Government’s priority was to de-escalate the current situation and avoid increased trade disputes, noting that this is something the Government, or even the EU, can fully control. In relation to the Government’s policy response to the tariffs, Minister Donohue also said: “We must now focus on how we can best insulate ourselves against current uncertainty, exploring how we could potentially diversify our trading portfolio. We must also continue to support the largest employers in the State - the small and medium-sized indigenous enterprises up and down the country. We must focus on the factors that are within our control and influence.”

In this week’s miscellaneous updates, HMRC has sent the March 2025 Stakeholder Digest and we are now able to share that HMRC has paused the issuing of Self-Assessment (SA) repayments for new claims via phone, including the Agent Dedicated Line (ADL), and webchat until further notice. We remind you that HMRC’s new email query service for agents is live and the Institute for Fiscal Studies has published a podcast looking at the future of corporation tax to mark its 60th anniversary. And finally, the Charter Stakeholder Group has launched a survey on HMRC’s performance against the HMRC Charter. HMRC has paused certain SA repayments Last month HMRC made us aware that it had paused SA repayments for new claims via phone (including the ADL) and webchat until further notice. We are now officially able to share this information. The message from HMRC is as follows: “On Thursday 27 March HMRC paused the issuing of SA repayments for new claims over the telephone (including ADL) and via webchat until further notice. This measure is part of enhanced security controls introduced in response to an increase in the ongoing suspected fraudulent repayment attempts. Agents can continue to claim client refunds online via their agent account. Agents who are unable to access their online account are advised to contact our OSH on 0300 200 3600. Digitally excluded customers will need to apply by post.   If your client contacts us directly they will be advised that the best way to claim refunds is online via their online tax account or through their agent.  The majority of requests relating to existing SA repayments can continue to be made via telephone and webchat.  A small number of existing claims may be impacted by our enhanced security controls. In these limited circumstances customers will also need to claim their refund online. Telephone and webchat can continue to be used for all other SA enquiries. Please ask your members to continue to support us by:  being extra vigilant for phishing scams that could result in fraudsters gaining access to agent accounts and client tax records   choosing strong passwords and changing them regularly   paying close attention to any advice or instruction from HMRC regarding account security, particularly in the event of an agent account suspension.” Reminder: new HMRC email query service for agents This service went live from 31 March. As agents must use the ‘Where’s my reply’ process first before using the email query service, details of how to access the service are integrated into HMRC's Tax agents handbook. Go to 'Contacting HMRC' and 'Check progress and service levels' where you will see the email address which is: personaltaxqueryresolutionserviceforagents@hmrc.gov.uk. HMRC has advised that this email address is likely to change so please always ensure you refer to the full guidance should you wish to use this service. Charter Stakeholder Group 2024/25 HMRC performance survey The Charter Stakeholder Group has launched its 2024/25 survey seeking feedback on HMRC's performance against the standards in the HMRC Charter. The results of the survey are shared anonymously with HMRC and published in the Charter Annual Report. The survey contains 11 choice questions and a box for broader comments (250 words only). Responses can be made until 2 May 2025. Anyone who is an agent and a taxpayer and wants to respond in both capacities should complete the survey twice.  

The Institute is formulating its response to the consultation “Electronic invoicing: promoting e-invoicing across UK businesses and the public sector” and wants to hear your views. This week is your last opportunity to share your views. Email tax@charteredaccountants.ie to participate. The purpose of this consultation is to gather views on standardising electronic invoicing (e-invoicing) and how to increase adoption of e-invoicing across UK businesses and the public sector. The consultation explores how different e-invoicing approaches may align with businesses and aims to support the development of a UK approach and is open until 7 May 2025. Please share your views with us by Friday 18 April 2025. Should you wish to respond individually, responses are being accepted by submitting a form or by email to einvoicingconsultation@hmrc.gov.uk.  

Our short six question survey on Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax which opened last week remains open for responses. The survey will close on Friday 25 April and will take less than 5 minutes to complete. A more detailed survey on MTD will be launched later before the summer. Take the survey now.  Despite our reservations about MTD, the Institute will continue to work with HMRC on MTD readiness and is developing a cross-department MTD strategy to assist members in their preparations. We will also continue to represent members views as we approach April 2026.  HMRC is working with an independent research agency, Verian, to understand the impact of MTD for  income tax on taxpayers. The research has recently been extended until 8 May 2025. See Check genuine HMRC contact that uses more than one communication method for more information. HMRC has also recently published guidance and a new YouTube video to assist agents with the MTD client sign-up process. Several new software providers have also recently been added to the HMRC’s list of MTD compatible software.

Revenue is developing a system whereby a notification will issue to an agent's ROS Inbox listing all clients that have been issued with a final demand that week. The notification is expected to issue each Monday following the issue of final demands to taxpayers earlier in the day. Final demands are preceded by an initial request for payment, providing the taxpayer with 7 days to make a payment. The Institute is inviting members to take a short two question survey to assess if members would find it beneficial to receive a notification to their ROS inbox with the weekly list of payment requests, in addition to the new list of final demands. Take the survey now.

Last week, the government of South Africa hosted the seventeenth plenary meeting of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). In a public statement by the Inclusive Framework, agreed at the meeting, members recognised the importance of securing certainty and stability in the international tax system, and the need to continue discussions on the Two-Pillar Solution and other items for a future agenda using a phased, evidence-based approach.

The FISC subcommittee has published a draft report on the role of simple tax rules and tax fragmentation in European competitiveness. On 24 April 2025 the subcommittee will discuss simplification, digitalisation and stronger cooperation among Members States to alleviate regulatory and administrative burdens, particularly for SMEs.

The FISC subcommittee will host a public hearing on “The role of tax in aligning the green transition and competitiveness” on 24 April 2025. The hearing will examine tax incentives for clean energy, aviation, and maritime transport and explore how fiscal measures can support the green transition and enhance sustainability in these key sectors.

Confidence in Northern Ireland’s economic outlook has deteriorated sharply, with only 8% of Chartered Accountants viewing prospects as ‘good’ or ‘very good’, according to the latest survey from Chartered Accountants Ulster Society. This marks a significant drop from last year’s already low figure of 17%, highlighting persistent concerns over economic stagnation, rising costs, and government policy. The survey, conducted among Northern Ireland’s Chartered Accountants, was carried out before President Trump’s tariff plan announcement, and presents a mixed picture of resilience and challenge. While businesses are adapting through AI adoption, sustainability initiatives, and flexible working arrangements, major economic pressures, including inflation, tax burdens, and workforce shortages, continue to weigh on growth prospects. Key Findings The survey shows that economic confidence has fallen in the last year. Only 8% of members believe the NI economy has strong growth prospects, down from 17% last year. 58% see the economy as either stagnant (42%) or contracting (16%). Inflation, high energy costs, and rising taxes are the most cited concerns. New US Tariffs, announced after the survey are expected to also play into concerns of local businesses. 60% of respondents believe financial distress is rising among businesses, though there are signs of improvement compared to previous years. While financial distress is still high, some members report improving conditions. There is strong support for tax reform to boost competitiveness. 59% support devolved corporation tax powers, with 64% advocating tax alignment with the Republic of Ireland to boost competitiveness. The UK’s exit from the EU continues to divide opinion for local businesses. 41% say Brexit has harmed Northern Ireland’s economy, while only 12% see a positive impact. 61% understand Northern Ireland’s unique dual market access as offering trade opportunities, but most of those surveyed feel that this potential positive is yet to be realised. The Windsor Framework receives a mixed response, with 1 in 5 businesses viewing it positively. The survey also shows that workforce and skills shortages persist. 56% of businesses struggle to recruit suitable talent. Many chartered accountants feel the education system is not adequately preparing young people for employment. Employers are investing in training, but 26% believe it is insufficient. The survey also shows that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and sustainability are gaining traction but present challenges for business. 79% believe AI will improve efficiency, but uncertainty remains around investment in AI solutions. Many local businesses are adopting green initiatives, with 55% investing in energy efficiency and 53% going paperless. However, 41% see sustainability efforts as an added cost, and 43% feel unprepared for sustainability reporting. Hybrid working remains common, but family pressures are growing. 43% of professionals work in a hybrid model, though some employers are pushing for more office time. Childcare costs remain a major barrier, with only 14% believing childcare is affordable and 27% of working parents adjusting their hours to manage family responsibilities. The survey also shows that confidence in Government is low, with scepticism about public finance management and economic strategy. 57% do not believe the government can manage public finances effectively. The UK’s new Industrial Strategy has also been met with scepticism. 52% do not believe the UK’s new strategy will be transformational. Call for Action The Ulster Society is urging policymakers to take immediate action to restore confidence in the economy. Key priorities include a detailed long-term economic strategy to support sustainable growth. The Ulster Society is also calling for greater investment in skills and education to address workforce shortages, as well as meaningful tax reform, including consideration of a more competitive corporate tax rate to stimulate investment. The accountancy body also calls for support for businesses navigating sustainability requirements, and AI integration. Gillian Sadlier, Chairperson of the Ulster Society, said: “Northern Ireland’s business community remains resilient, but business confidence is low. We are in straitened times due to global economic conditions, and this has been thrown into sharper focus by President Trump’s tariff policies. Businesses are facing increasing costs, skills shortages, and a lack of clarity from policymakers. “If we are to build a stronger, more competitive economy, we need decisive action from government, investment in skills and infrastructure, and policies that enable long-term growth.” 270 Chartered Accountants in Northern Ireland took part in the survey. Recommendations Establish a Bespoke Tax (Corporation Tax) Regime Revisit the potential to reduce the Corporation Tax rate in NI and consider other taxes that could be devolved: Members have noted the importance of significantly enhancing Northern Ireland’s investment appeal, especially for FDI and high-growth sectors (e.g. AI, clean tech, advanced manufacturing) by more closely aligning tax and wider policy with Ireland. Reduce Business Distress and Restore Confidence Stabilize Policy Signals: Commit to multiyear business tax policies and investment allowances to reduce uncertainty and support long-term planning. Expand Low-Interest Loan Schemes: Scale up access to low-cost finance for liquidity-constrained businesses, especially in sectors with export potential. Use Dual Market Messaging Strategically: Launch a global campaign positioning Northern Ireland as the only UK region with dual access to EU and GB markets, framing it as a unique investment gateway. Provide Certainty Post-Brexit and Maximize the Windsor Framework Guarantee Regulatory Continuity: Work with UK and EU institutions to secure long-term clarity on customs, standards, and trading rules specific to Northern Ireland. Strengthen Fiscal Transparency and Regional Strategy Create a NI-Specific Industrial Growth Plan: Align with UK-wide priorities but tailor the strategy to leverage NI’s strengths in Agri-tech, cybersecurity, advanced manufacturing, and green energy. Invest in Skills for a Future-Ready Workforce Fund AI, Digital, and Green Skills Hubs: Develop regional centres of excellence in partnership with FE colleges and universities to rapidly expand access to future-proof training. Align Curriculum with Industry: Ensure school and university curricula reflect current and emerging business needs, with structured industry placement programs. Support Responsible AI Adoption Develop Regional AI Adoption Standards: Create ethical and practical guidelines for AI use in NI businesses, ensuring innovation aligns with job security and data rights. Fund AI Workforce Transition Programs: Help workers shift into new roles as automation expands, supported by retraining subsidies and career counselling. Support Businesses in Sustainability Transitions Offer guidance on sustainability compliance and reporting to help businesses navigate regulatory requirements. Address Workforce Participation through Childcare Reform Expand Subsidised Childcare: Support working parents, especially women, by increasing childcare subsidies and extending eligibility. Promote Employer-Supported Childcare: Offer tax incentives to employers that provide on-site childcare or contribute to employee childcare costs.

A new report from Chartered Accountants Worldwide (CAW) reveals significant enthusiasm about the use of AI in the profession, with 85% of respondents expressing willingness to use AI tools - and 91% of those aged 18–24 already using the technology. Members of Chartered Accountants Ireland were surveyed alongside respondents from 13 other Chartered bodies around the world, with the findings showing that AI is increasingly integrated into business processes and that the profession is actively embracing change. Chartered Accountants Ireland is the largest professional body on the island of Ireland, representing almost 40,000 members and educating 6,600 students. Key findings: AI is reshaping the profession - 85% of respondents are willing to use AI tools. This rises to 91% among 18–24-year-olds and is accompanied by strong understanding (59%) of the potential uses of AI in accountancy.   AI is already in use - 83% of 18–24-year-olds use AI tools weekly - mainly for general productivity, data entry, reconciliation of accounts, and financial reporting. While 80% of 18–24-year-olds feel confident using AI in their roles, only 47% of those aged 55+ share that confidence. The most used tools are Gen AI chatbots, Microsoft Copilot and business intelligence tools. 45% say AI is already helping them to work more effectively and efficiently. 31% say they are already using traditional AI in their job. 29% are already using generative AI (GenAI) in their job.   Barriers to adoption - 52% of those surveyed state that the biggest barrier to AI adoption is insufficient skills and training. 30% also cite data security concerns as a reason they do not use AI more frequently.   Upskilling is essential - despite a high willingness to use AI, there is a skills gap and feeling of unpreparedness for the changes AI will bring. 30% have participated in AI-related training through their organisation, but 92% are likely to participate if offered the opportunity. 65% expect to receive AI-related training from their professional body, while 32% expect it from employers. Commenting Barry Dempsey, Chief Executive of Chartered Accountants Ireland, said “It is really encouraging to see strong early adoption and enthusiasm in the profession. It is clear from the research, however, that current usage is largely focused on general-purpose productivity tools, rather than technical work, with much of the momentum driven by individual initiative and self-directed learning. “Only 30% have participated in AI-related training through their organisation, and among those that have not engaged in training, 61% say it is because it is not offered. There is a high employee willingness to engage, with 92% saying they are likely to participate if offered the opportunity, so bridging this gap will be crucial to unlocking the further potential of AI for the profession. Smaller practices and businesses may not have the resources to deliver tailored AI training, so it’s essential that professional bodies like ours step in to bridge that gap. There is also an opportunity for the government to play a role in supporting widespread digital upskilling, particularly for SMEs, to ensure no part of the profession is left behind as AI reshapes the business landscape.” AI is an opportunity, not a threat There is consensus in the findings that AI will augment, rather than replace, the Chartered Accountant’s role, with human intelligence remaining at the heart of the profession. Chartered Accountants will continue to rely on core skills, and the training priorities of respondents reflects this: Critical thinking (77% rate this as a priority) Data privacy and security (71% rate this as a priority) AI ethics (66% rate this as a priority) Barry Dempsey continued: “Priorities such as critical thinking, an emphasis on data privacy and security and AI ethics go to the very heart of chartered accountants as trusted business leaders. Critical thinking will continue to be crucial in scrutinising and applying AI insights to provide effective advice to business/clients. Similarly, with increased AI use, it's even more important to ensure structured, effective training to use technology ethically and protect data responsibly. “56% of respondents agree that incorporating AI makes accountancy more attractive as a career choice and we remain committed to equipping the next generation of Chartered Accountants with the skills and mindset to lead in a world shaped by innovation, from their first steps as students to their roles as future business leaders.” Read the report in full CAW_AI-in-Accountancy-web.pdf  Read media coverage Chartered accountants confident about adoption of AI in their work, survey finds – The Irish Times 

On 10 April, the Ulster Society hosted a presentation by Rossa Keown, Head of Compliance and Enquiries at the Charity Commission for Northern Ireland, and Jeremy Twomey, Practice Consulting Manager, Chartered Accountants Ireland. In this webinar the presenters share essential updates and expert insights in the field of accounting and compliance for charity/ not for profit organisations. A recording of this webinar is available to view HERE A copy of Rossa's slides is available to view HERE A copy of Jeremy's slides is available to view HERE