Selling a business is a complex process and accountants have a crucial role to play in ensuring their clients achieve the optimal financial outcome. Niall Gaughan explains how As the financial landscape continues to evolve, accountants in Ireland are finding themselves at the forefront in helping to guide clients through the intricate process of selling a business. Beyond the immediate considerations of the sale itself, the post-sale period is critical to ensuring optimal financial outcomes. In this article, we explore the key elements accountants should consider when advising clients on selling a business, focusing on the importance of securing future financial stability, fostering strategic partnerships and succession planning. Anticipating the post-sale landscape Accountants must highlight the importance of proactive planning before a sale. Understanding the details of the financial landscape post-sale allows business owners to make informed choices that can have a significant impact on tax responsibilities, wealth preservation and overall financial health. This can help to ensure that clients are well-equipped to navigate any complexities that may emerge after the deal closure. Securing future financial stability Securing future financial stability post-sale is a critical consideration for both business owners and their advisors. Central to this endeavour is expert tax advice. Accountants play a pivotal role in guiding clients towards understanding the tax implications associated with a business sale. By carefully examining available reliefs, exemptions and allowances, accountants can help maximise after-tax returns, providing a solid foundation for the future. For instance, a comprehensive understanding of various reliefs can lead to substantial tax savings, laying the groundwork for securing the financial future of both the seller and the business. Fostering strategic partnerships When navigating the complexities of a business sale, fostering strategic partnerships is crucial. Accountants must pay careful attention to the strategic structuring of the sale, assessing alternatives such as selling shares or assets with a keen eye on the potential implications for both buyers and sellers. By leveraging their expertise and collaborating closely with other advisors, accountants can help clients select a structure that not only aligns with their financial goals but also fosters long-term strategic partnerships. These partnerships are crucial because they can provide significant tax advantages and facilitate a seamless transition process. Moreover, by aligning the interests of all parties involved, strategic partnerships lay a strong foundation for ongoing collaboration, which is essential for future growth and success. Securing the future beyond the sale Post-sale success is not solely contingent on immediate financial gains. Accountants should advocate for robust succession planning, especially within family businesses, considering factors such as family dynamics, business continuity and long-term financial objectives. By engaging in proactive succession planning, clients can safeguard their wealth, ensuring its sustained growth and the realisation of personal and family goals. This approach not only secures the financial future of the business but also aligns with the long-term vision and values of the family, setting the stage for continued success across generations. A strategic partnership for wealth management In the post-sale phase, a private banker with specialised competencies can support the unique requirements of handling the proceeds from a business sale. The business owner’s accountant can play a key role in selecting a private banker suited to their unique needs. Their competencies should include: Wealth preservation expertise: A private banker who understands wealth preservation strategies can help the client build a lasting legacy. Investment strategy: Competent private bankers should be adept at devising investment strategies aligned with the client's risk tolerance and financial goals, ensuring the continued growth of their wealth. Diversification and risk management: A private banker should be able to assist clients in diversifying their investment portfolio, mitigating risks associated with concentrated assets and optimising long-term returns. Personalised service: The ability to craft personalised financial plans that encompass the client's lifestyle, philanthropic aspirations and intergenerational wealth transfer, is a key competency for a private banker in this context. Clients are now keen to understand more about philanthropic options and sustainability. A good private banker should be able to facilitate access to deep knowledge and subject matter experts in these areas. Clients need a secure financial institution with a strong credit rating that offers immediate returns on their funds post-sale. Confidentiality and direct access to a private banker can help, as they will have access to expertise in financial markets and the ability to educate clients who are often experts in their fields – but not necessarily in financial management. Ensuring post-sale success The role of the accountant supporting a client through a business sale extends beyond the realms of financial statements and tax calculations. By proactively addressing the considerations outlined – expert tax advice, strategic structuring, succession planning and selecting the right private banker – accountants can guide their clients towards post-sale financial triumph. Niall Gaughan is a Director with Barclays Wealth in Dublin

Northern Ireland's economy faces a pressing skills gap, impacting productivity and growth. Collaborative efforts between business, government, and education are crucial to addressing this workforce challenge, writes Christine Patton Despite the good news stories of a strong jobs market and low unemployment rate across the Northern Ireland economy, attention has turned to skills and the skills gap challenge faced by many sectors and employers across the region. Skills are generally broken down into three categories: Basic skills – those that everyone needs, including literacy, numeracy and basic digital skills. Essential skills – those which are transferable and applicable to almost any job, such as communication and teamwork. Technical skills – those which are specific to a sector or role and are not easily transferred.   But how important are skills to Northern Ireland’s economy? Arguably, there is nothing more important for our economic success.  For an economy to thrive, it needs a sufficiently skilled workforce across all three of the above categories. It also needs a high level of productivity – something Northern Ireland has struggled with, consistently falling behind that of its UK counterparts. Education and skills development are key drivers of productivity. Increased well-being also contributes to local economic development, with skills significantly correlated with life outcomes.   However, there are challenges to achieving a sufficiently skilled workforce. Given the rate of acceleration of new technologies, sustainability targets, an ageing population, and the growing emphasis on placemaking, developing the skills pipeline and closing the skills gap will not be an easy task. For employers specifically, it can be a struggle to attract the right people with the skill sets required. The 2024 Business Barometer report published by Open University in partnership with the British Chambers of Commerce, has found that nearly half (44%) of organisations in Northern Ireland are still reporting worrying skills shortages. In recognition of the skills imbalance and the challenges employers face, the Institute of Directors, in partnership with Grant Thornton, MCS Group and SONI, established a Skills and Workplace Forum to identify key skills issues. To promote prosperity and flexibility to respond to future opportunities, the report made five recommendations: Reduce economic inactivity – Northern Ireland must widen our labour market, increasing our talent pool to better support employers to build diverse, more successful teams. Greater engagement with schools – Northern Ireland needs to improve the targeting, timeliness, effectiveness and efficiency of all age career guidance. We need new ways of informing and motivating young people and adults about careers and skills for a lifetime of work. Improve access and widen participation – We need to change how we think about learning and skills and be responsive to all young people’s circumstances as well as new and emerging technologies and trends. Make childcare work for everyone – The Northern Ireland Executive needs to provide specific support to community-based social enterprises (such as women’s centres) to scale up sustainably, enabling them to provide affordable childcare solutions to parents in Northern Ireland. Change access to the apprenticeship levy – We need to change how the apprenticeship levy operates locally so it’s ringfenced for labour market partnerships, skills and lifelong learning (similar to Skillnet). As we look towards the future of the Northern Ireland economy, skills shortages must remain to the fore. To make progress in closing the skills gap, there must be a genuine partnership between business, government, education, and training providers. All parties must play a key role in stimulating the local skills system through strong collaboration and engagement to work towards a better future and, as the Skills Workforce Forum report put it, ‘realise the full potential of our workforce, which is our greatest asset’. Christine Patton is Manager of Economic Advisory at Grant Thornton NI

The Charities (Amendment) Act 2024 modernises Ireland's charity regulations, enhancing trustee accountability, financial transparency, and regulatory oversight, ensuring a more trustworthy, well-governed sector, writes Keith Doyle The Charities (Amendment) Act 2024 brings in a variety of changes aimed at modernising the regulatory framework for charities in Ireland. These updates place a strong focus on improving governance, transparency, and accountability across the sector. Key reforms for charity trustees One of the most notable changes introduced by the Act relates to the responsibilities and obligations of charity trustees. Trustees are seen as central figures within any charity, and the new regulations place greater emphasis on ensuring they understand their duties. The Act formalises the expectations for trustees, including the requirement to act in the best interest of the charity, maintain proper oversight of the charity's activities, and avoid conflicts of interest. Additionally, trustees are required to have a clear understanding of their charity’s financial situation, ensuring funds are used appropriately to achieve the charity's objectives. To support this, the Charities Regulator will now have expanded powers to investigate trustee conduct and hold them accountable if they fail to meet their obligations. In cases of serious misconduct, trustees may face removal from their position, fines, or even prosecution. This shift is aimed at protecting the reputation of the sector by ensuring all charities are managed to a high standard. Financial reporting and thresholds The Act also updates the financial thresholds for charities. Smaller charities will now have less stringent reporting requirements, while larger organisations will need to meet more comprehensive financial reporting standards. The purpose of these changes is to balance the regulatory burden between smaller and larger charities while still maintaining transparency. Under these new guidelines, all charities must ensure they keep accurate financial records and submit annual reports to the Charities Regulator. In line with this, there will be greater scrutiny of how charities use their funds, particularly for larger organisations. The goal is to ensure that funds raised from the public are spent appropriately and in accordance with the charity's objectives. Mismanagement of funds, even in smaller charities, will be subject to investigation and penalties. Charities should review the amended requirements for financial reporting and determine where they fall on the new thresholds for reporting. For instance, the Amendment Act has raised the threshold requiring that the accounts of a charitable organisation be audited from €500,000 to €1,000,000. On the other hand, while the previous Act exempted a charitable organisation that is a company from this audit requirement, this exemption has now been removed. Enhanced role of the Charities Regulator The Charities Regulator plays a central role in overseeing the charitable sector, and the new Act significantly enhances its powers. The regulator will now have broader authority to conduct investigations, inspect records, and take enforcement actions where necessary. This includes the ability to freeze bank accounts, remove trustees, and impose sanctions on charities that fail to comply with the new regulations. The Act also introduces provisions for the regulator to provide more guidance and support to charities, helping them navigate the new compliance landscape. These new powers and supports are intended to strengthen the sector by encouraging best practices and ensuring public confidence in how charities operate. Streamlining administrative processes Another focus of the Act is to simplify the administrative burden on charities with the aim to make it easier for organisations to comply with regulations without being overwhelmed by paperwork or unnecessary procedures. For example, the Act introduces measures to simplify the registration process for new charities, as well as changes to how charities can update their details or amend their governing documents. By streamlining these processes, the hope is that charities can focus more on their core mission of providing services and less on administrative tasks. However, these simplified processes are balanced by the increased expectations for accountability and governance. Will there be guidance for charities to assist with good governance? The Charities Regulatory Authority (the Authority) has welcomed the introduction of the new legislation and has announced plans to develop guidance for charity trustees and those involved in managing or advising charities as the changes being introduced under the Act are commenced. While any such guidelines or codes of conduct developed by the Authority will not have the same effect as legislation, the Act provides that charities and charity trustees shall have regard to them. It is, therefore, clear that it will be expected of charities that any such guidelines or codes of conduct will be taken into account and adhered to by charity trustees and this is something which they must bear in mind when ensuring that they meet their annual governance code compliance requirements. Trustworthy charitable sector Overall, the Charities (Amendment) Act 2024 introduces a range of reforms that will have a significant impact on how charities operate in Ireland. By strengthening governance, enhancing transparency, and expanding the powers of the Charities Regulator, the Act aims to foster a more accountable and trustworthy charitable sector. These changes will ultimately benefit the public, donors, and the charities themselves by ensuring that charitable organisations are held to the highest standards of governance and compliance. Keith Doyle is Audit & Assurance Partner at Azets

Blurred lines between WhatsApp use for personal communication, interaction with colleagues and business purposes can create serious risk for organisations and employers. TerriSue Cosgrove explains why Of late, WhatsApp has had a starring role in dismissals that end up in the Labour Court, official enquiries across public and private sectors and even criminal proceedings. From communication deemed unprofessional or unfortunate that damages reputations, to comments or disclosures that merit court or employment law proceedings, many are unaware of the extent to which WhatsApp messages can be risky in the workplace. From an employment law perspective, employers should be aware that they may be found vicariously liable for a claim where an employee says something problematic – for example, discriminatory or defamatory -- in a WhatsApp message. Lately, we have seen many cases coming before the Workplace Relations Commission (WRC) involving inappropriate messaging, with serious consequences, including job loss. In these cases, businesses are typically held responsible and may face WRC fines. Privacy Often when employees use WhatsApp, either on their personal phone or a business device, they are unaware their messages can be accessed and may be disclosed to judge their conduct at work.  Any message in connection with work duties, or within a WhatsApp group – even one only sometimes used for legitimate work purposes – may create liability for either party. There is some ambiguity, and employees can reasonably expect privacy, but where WhatsApp is commonly used for work purposes, not all messages will be deemed private if contentious issues arise. While messages may be encrypted, employees must remember that all written, video and audio communication can be recorded and shared. We have a misplaced belief that instant messaging disappears without a paper trail. With any work gossip shared digitally, however, it takes only a second for someone to take a screenshot to send to a line manager. And, if you use WhatsApp on a company phone, your employer can legitimately access files you send, via device management software, network monitoring or company wi-fi. Policy The practical importance of having a social media and/or electronic communications policy in the workplace cannot be underestimated. Controls to manage the online security risks of a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) situation are also important. The company’s privacy or IT policy should inform employees about the extent to which their company devices are monitored, and that all monitoring is undertaken in line with internal policy and data protection principles.  It should also ask staff not to use private communication channels for work purposes, both to protect sensitive company data and employees themselves. A code of practice on the Right to Disconnect policy legislation should be adhered to. Continuous messaging on platforms like WhatsApp, especially outside of working hours, can prevent employees from fully disconnecting, leading to stress and burnout. Using personal WhatsApp for business, especially on public wi-fi, makes companies vulnerable to loss of business-related data on employee-owned devices. Phones must be appropriately protected with encryption, security updates, auto-screen lock and password protection.  Staff might also make unauthorised disclosures of confidential company or client information. Whether deliberately or inadvertently, this can damage the business directly, or allow client claims for breach of confidence or data. Again, this highlights the need for a strong communication policy. It is essential to not only have a policy but also train employees regularly on its use. Clear policies, robust procedures and staff training on appropriate communication and behaviour will minimise risks. This should include notifying employees that WhatsApp groups, and their use, can be monitored on work phones and that misuse can result in disciplinary action – even if the use is not specifically created or sanctioned by the employer. Own it If an employer actively encourages or allows employees to use social media as a mechanism to store business contacts, they must ensure they have control over how this information is used, especially if the employee quits work. Where an app or site is used primarily for business purposes, the employer has a stronger case in arguing ownership of it. Policy documents can make clear statements that the employer owns a social media account, and/or the data or intellectual content on it, as well as the monitoring in place to protect the legitimate interests of the business, such as client confidentiality and reputation. Companies rarely have an idea of the WhatsApp groups in operation in their organisation, or who has access to them, and 'profiles' are often just a mobile phone number. It is likely that former employees, contractors or customers may have ongoing access to business information that they shouldn’t. Employers must realise they cannot revoke access to business information once it is on WhatsApp, as data is stored on individual phones, rather than centrally. And, if employees leave, they still have company information, including potentially sensitive data, and there’s little an employer can do about it. Michael O'Connor of NexGen Cyber says it is essential that companies regularly review digital assets, assess their security controls and implement measures to protect them. This not only safeguards their assets, but also demonstrates the security protocols in place to employees, and reassures clients and business associates. Such processes ensure data is protected and clearly illustrates its value and the potential repercussions in the event that a complaint is made. TerriSue Cosgrove is Managing Director at The HR Head

As a new Labour government takes shape in Britain, Irish businesses are bracing for the potential ripple effects across key sectors, writes Vivian Nathan As Britain transitions to a new Labour government, Irish businesses will closely monitor the potential impacts, as we are its closest neighbour. Sectors such as construction, hospitality and retail may feel the ripple effects of Labour’s policies, especially regarding employment rights and consumer spending power, which are closely linked to broader economic conditions. Construction sector The construction sector in Ireland is paying close attention to developments in Britain, given the number of Irish construction companies operating in both jurisdictions. Baker Tilly is currently working with several UK companies interested in Irish infrastructure spend, particularly in the rail sector. Additionally, we have seen increased inquiries from UK labour companies looking to serve the Irish market, demonstrating a growing interest in cross-border opportunities. The UK has been hampered by delays in decision-making before the General Election and the collapse of several construction contractors. The cancellation of large parts of the High Speed 2 railway project has further motivated UK contractors to seek opportunities in Ireland, especially with the Irish Government’s commitment to significant infrastructure spending. Meanwhile, the Irish housing market remains strong, with demand continuing to outstrip supply. Nevertheless, local issues around capacity and planning present ongoing challenges for the construction sector in Ireland. Irish-origin construction businesses are actively tendering for work across the island, further highlighting the cross-border interest. Hospitality and retail sectors Ireland’s hospitality and retail sectors have faced significant challenges since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite seeing increased demand, the hospitality industry has recently been rocked by rising costs, such as those experienced by Dylan McGrath and the Press Up Group. These sectors are particularly sensitive to broader economic factors like inflation and interest rates, both of which are influenced by the economic situation in Britain. Labour’s focus on enhancing employment rights in Britain, including potential increases in the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage, could indirectly affect Irish businesses, especially those operating in both jurisdictions. The proposed Employment Rights Bill, which aims to ‘make work pay’, may introduce measures such as banning zero-hour contracts and extending parental and sick leave. These changes could increase operational costs for businesses, potentially leading to higher consumer prices, particularly in the North of Ireland, where the border economy is acutely sensitive to changes in British policy. Adapting for the future The change in government in Britain brings with it a level of economic uncertainty that is of particular concern to Ireland, given our close ties, shared border, and the fact that some Irish and UK businesses operate in both jurisdictions. While it remains to be seen if the UK Labour government will adopt a ‘tax and spend’ approach, particularly in changes to the non-domiciled regime that could make Ireland a more attractive base, the full implications of Labour’s policies remain unclear. What is clear is that key sectors in Ireland – particularly construction, hospitality, and retail – will need to stay informed and be prepared. The changes in Britain could have significant consequences for Ireland, making it essential for Irish businesses to monitor developments and adapt accordingly. Vivian Nathan is Chief Operating Officer at Baker Tilly

New technologies will play an essential role in supporting finance functions to become value-adding business partners for organisations, writes Vickie Wall The application of technology to automate routine and low-value tasks has been a priority for CFOs for quite some time. Many finance leaders looking beyond automation are considering the implementation of autonomous systems that can carry out tasks but make or at least suggest decisions without the necessity for human intervention. However, among the more surprising findings of the EY Ireland CFO Survey 2024, 47 percent of respondents cited manual processes and controls as an area where time is used least efficiently in the finance function. This suggests that a sizeable number of Irish organisations still have some way to go in their automation efforts and that autonomous finance is probably not even on the horizon for them. No organisation, however, wilfully persists with inefficient and costly systems that are readily amenable to automation. The reality is that organisations face numerous obstacles when it comes to automation processes, not least of them skills deficits and costs. Eye on saving time and cost The Irish business landscape is extremely varied, ranging from Irish PLCs overseeing vast global operations and subsidiaries of global multinationals that are carrying out a range of finance and business services in Global Business Service centres, to both large and mid-sized private organisations with often relatively small finance teams and scarce technology resources. It is, therefore, quite probable that organisations at the smaller end of that spectrum will be those with the most significant automation challenges. Interestingly, recent advances in technology mean that autonomous finance may offer a means of leapfrogging obstacles. Autonomous finance systems use advanced technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics to continuously learn, adapt, predict, and have the capability to operate on their own. Up until quite recently, those technologies have been prohibitively expensive for most organisations and the skills to use them effectively have been rare and in high demand. The advent of generative AI (GenAI) and the near-simultaneous retrenchment in the tech sector has brought both the technology and the ability to use it within reach of just about all organisations, regardless of size. Very importantly, low-cost and no-cost GenAI tools can help to fill skills gaps in finance functions and accelerate automation efforts or restart stalled projects. Their natural language capabilities allow them to write the code for programmes and tools to carry out tasks and execute processes based on simple instructions from a human with little or no technology expertise. This can be applied immediately to time-consuming, recurring processes like month- and year-end close. In most cases, these are highly manual processes that deal with huge numbers of journal postings and have a high potential for human error. Automating them will both save time and effort and reduce costly errors. Seven-step roadmap to adoption Finance automation is no longer an option; it is a necessity. That will also be the case for autonomous finance in the not-too-distant future. The pressure on finance functions will simply be too great to sustain without the support of automated and autonomous processes. The only remaining question is how to progress the adoption and implementation journey. There are seven steps to successfully embrace automated and autonomous finance. Understand the current process Identify those tasks and processes that take the most time for the least reward, document them and establish if they make good automation use cases. Set clear goals Decide what you hope to achieve from automation; reduced manual errors, faster processes, reduced costs, improved reporting or better resource allocation. Choose the right tools Evaluate different finance automation tools available in the market. Some off-the-shelf tools from established providers offer clear benefits. Avail of free trials where possible to assess the claims made by the provider. Work with the IT function to ensure activities and strategies align with one another. Use intelligent bots The concept of AI as an assistant to augment human capability should be embraced. Rather than focusing solely on areas where human activity can be replaced by machines, the exploration of the use of technology to assist humans in their work should be given at least equal priority. Start small It is best to automate small parts of the accounting cycle at the beginning to build confidence in the new tools and solutions. This will help gain buy-in from within the finance function as well as the C-suite level to generate savings to fund future projects. Encourage innovation If finance teams are encouraged to dabble in the technology and experiment with automation in small projects, it could help build confidence and accelerate adoption. Allowing individuals to experiment can uncover new use cases and unlock additional value. Train the team While GenAI-powered tools will make up for many existing skills gaps, finance teams will still need to be trained on how to use the new tools to optimise their value. This will support the change management process required for the adoption of any new technology. Accelerate the journey Finance functions need to accelerate their automation journeys in the face of a rapidly increasing burden brought about by a combination of new regulations and increased demands from the business. GenAI and other new technologies have the power to support automation as well as assist in the adoption of high-value-adding autonomous finance processes. Vickie Wall is Financial Accounting Advisory Services Leader at EY