Welcome to the series which will introduce members of the Consultative Committee of Accountancy Bodies – Ireland (CCAB-I) Insolvency Committee over the coming months. We hope to provide information on the work of the Insolvency Committee and insights into the careers and experience of our Committee members. Today we will hear from Cormac Mohan. Cormac is the managing partner at Fitzwilliam Corporate Insolvency, a Dublin based corporate restructuring practice. He is an experienced Insolvency Practitioner; Past President of CPA Ireland and is a member of the CCAB-I Insolvency Committee since 2016. Tell us about your career to date and your route to being an Insolvency Practitioner I grew up in a family business along a border village in Co. Monaghan. I was exposed to a business environment from a young age. I graduated with a business qualification and decided to pursue an accountancy qualification through CPA Ireland while working at the Coca-Cola concentrate plant in the early ‘90’s . After qualifying as an accountant, I took up several international roles with the Coca-Cola Company, setting up new operations as financial controller, mainly in the Nordic countries - Norway, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland. This was my first exposure to corporate restructuring including acquiring , reorganising, and downsizing businesses.   The opportunity then arose for me to return to Dublin and work with Microsoft European Operations Centre as a senior business manager. After the Tech bubble crash in the early 2000’s,  I set up a city-centre based Accountancy practice which has now evolved into FM Accountants & Business Advisors. Overtime I diversified the business, as an Insolvency Practitioner, into corporate restructuring under Fitzwilliam Corporate Insolvency. I always had a keen interest in this area. The company specialises in the area of independent expert reports, examinership, members voluntary liquidations and broadening the service level to creditor Liquidations. Completing a diploma in Corporate Restructuring & Insolvency with the Law Society of Ireland 2012, a Diploma in Forensic Accounting &  Commercial mediation enhanced my skillset. This was my circuitous route to becoming an Insolvency Practitioner. Are you where you expected to be in your career? When I started, I did not have a clear career path mapped out. It was the flexibility and mobility of an accountancy qualification that allowed me to build the career that I have today. It enabled me to work in varied industries around the world. That has been of significant benefit and the corner stone for the role as an Insolvency Practitioner in my career to date. Having spent more than a decade working in a multinational environment with both Coca-Cola and Microsoft, I changed career path to set up my own practice . Over the last 20 years , I have repositioned our business model on several occasions based on market needs and client expectations against the background of the economic external environment.   This has led me to the route of an Insolvency Practitioner in which I would argue that the skillset required is as much about problem solving and business recovery focused as its about liquidation or the winding up of companies. This skillset is often overlooked in the context of the work carried out by Insolvency Practitioners. One must pivot in both directions depending on the circumstances.   What was the best career advice you got along the way? While I was working in the Nordic countries with Coca-Cola, I was lucky to have  had a trusted  mentor,  a senior colleague from Iceland. He encouraged his key management team to be business leaders. His guiding principles were to be result-driven, don’t get lost in the detail and look beyond the numbers using intelligence coupled with the subject matter knowledge. This is what I would advise any aspiring Insolvency Practitioner. As a professional, you need to understand your limitations while recognising the commercial aspects of decision-making. It is about developing your skills to evaluate situations based on a limited amount of information which can give a competitive advantage. Recognise the difference between intelligence and knowledge is necessary to grow your career in any business. As Practitioners, we can rely too much on the more analytical side of the brain. We are not always aware of the importance of judgement and creativity in our work. Most important is to be yourself. Don’t oversell your ability to meet expectations. Prospective clients will appreciate the honesty. It is equally important to let your results speak for themselves. Be realistic about your ability to deliver and keep your ego in check. Based on your own experience, what advice do you have for young professionals looking to build a career in corporate Insolvency? My top tip for any recent graduate would be to consider a professional qualification, whether it be in Accounting or Law. It will give you a platform to build your skillset as an Insolvency Practitioner and  grant you the flexibility to pursue varied career paths within the corporate restructuring and  Insolvency arena. Work in an environment that builds a culture of learning and development within your team. Encouraging transparency and even frankness will avoid misunderstandings. It helps everyone get to the crux of the issue, particularly when there is not always a black and white scenario. To a degree Insolvency Practitioners are trained to analyse numbers based on a formulaic approach. While a deep understanding of a company’s balance sheet and trading performance of a business is a key ingredient of a Practitioner’s skillset, my advice is to develop the ability to look beyond the numbers and learn to make intuitive decisions. The Insolvency profession is becoming more diverse with the emergence of new technologies like artificial intelligence and robotic process automation. These technologies over time will give professionals more time to provide value-added business advisory and strategic services to their employers and clients. Lastly, I believe in the power of positivity and the importance of managing failure as well as success. When commitment and effort has been to the fore, it should be recognised, even if something has gone wrong. This approach will instil confidence and resilience. How would you define your work style, and how has this evolved over the years? I try to structure my work in a strategic way by prioritising the key tasks and eliminating possible risk early on. I focus on the objective and the ‘roadmap’ of how we are going to execute the strategy. Over the years, based on experience, you learn to manage risk and the downside, looking at the longer-term strategy while also being conscious of your limitations. Delegate. You can’t do everything yourself. Empower and encourage your team, giving them responsibility and ownership while holding them accountable. In terms of managing teams and individuals, what are your insights and views? Prioritise your team’s growth and development, looking beyond your own needs. If you don’t delegate, you will not scale your business. Let’s face it, today’s business world is set on a global stage. Technology is playing just a small role in making our world smaller. This has granted companies of all sizes the freedom to recruit the best people, wherever they are. Millennials are shaping the workplaces of today and the future. Equally, if not more important, is to promote and embrace gender equality in the workplace. Both culture and gender diversity are what shapes us. It is the reason we hold certain beliefs and diversity influences how we behave and is what gives us our identity. Historically, the trend in Insolvency has been male dominated. However, this trend has begun to reverse over the last number of years. In my view, both culture and gender diversity should be prioritised over the next decade to develop the profession further and attract new talent as a rewarding career path. It is a key priority and objective at present for the CCAB-I Insolvency Committee.     What about communication and negotiating the typical ups and downs of working life? Key to effective communication is avoiding the ‘take it or leave it’ approach. It is about being persuasive, so that people can adapt. You also must stay engaged, particularly when someone doesn’t buy into your approach. It may take time to get to the position you want while recognising the opinions and perspectives of those around you. Be persuasive and independent in your thinking, but don’t be overly opinionated. Make your points based on evidence and deep understanding while simplifying the message. Has networking played an important part in your career? All consultancy and professional businesses are essentially people focused. We all like to do business with someone we know, like and trust. So networking and making personal connections are a crucial part of the job. Most important is to be yourself. Don’t oversell your ability to meet expectations. Prospective clients will appreciate the honesty. What is the current position with regards to the level of insolvencies in Ireland? Based on the latest industry data, there has been a 33% increase in insolvencies in the year-to-date compared to the first three quarters of 2022. The topical discussion amongst Practitioners at present is the Revenue debt warehousing as it needs to be phased out by May next year. Recently the Minister for Finance confirmed that, as of the end of September 2023, almost 94 per cent of that debt has been repaid, leaving €1.87 billion still warehoused through the scheme. There is an expectation that the volume of work for Insolvency Practitioners will increase significantly over the coming months as these debt positions will need to be crystallised. Against the background of rising interest rates, a global economic downturn in certain sectors, some legacy taxation debt coupled with highly geared property debt certainly will have an impact on several businesses which will shift into insolvency certainly in Q1 /Q2 of next year in my view.  Disclaimer: The views of contributors to this series of articles may differ from official Institute and Consultative Committee of Accountancy Bodies - Ireland (CCAB-I) policies and are not necessarily endorsed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland, its Council, its committees or any other person or entity associated with the Institute. The publishers, editor, and authors accept no responsibility for any errors or omissions or any loss resulting from any person acting, or refraining from acting, because of views expressed or advertisements appearing in this publication.

The Screening of Third Country Transactions Act 2023 was signed into law by the President on 31st October 2023 and is now available on the Irish statute book website. It is anticipated that the legislation will become operational in the second quarter of 2024. The legislation when operational will require that certain investments in critical Irish industries that are likely to affect Ireland’s security or public order must be reviewed by the Minister for Enterprise Trade and Employment (“Minister”). The legislation's monetary thresholds are relatively low. It will apply to transactions (or an accumulation of transactions in a twelve-month period) equal to or greater than €2,000,000. Third country is any non-EU/EEA country other than Switzerland. Therefore, the UK and the US fall within the definition of third country. The types of transaction to which the legislation will apply are set out in Article 4(1) (a)-(e) of the 2019 EU regulation establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Union such as critical infrastructure including energy, transport, water and critical technologies including aerospace, defence, energy storage. Please refer to the EU Regulation for full details. The trigger for a transaction to fall within the scope of the legislation is a change in shares or voting rights from 25% or less to more than 25% or from 50% or less to more than 50%. The Minister can review transactions post completion in certain circumstances and can call in certain transactions even if non notifiable where there are reasonable grounds for believing that the transaction would be manifestly contrary to Irish security or public order. Why does it matter? Given that the monetary thresholds are relatively low and the Minister has power to review even post completion, the new legislation should be on the checklist for consideration in client transactions. This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in these pages purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the pages. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of these pages, we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained in these pages.    

The Philippines has joined the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS and has committed to addressing the tax challenges arising from the digitalisation of the economy by participating in the Two-Pillar Solution to ensure that multinational enterprises pay a fair share of tax in the jurisdictions in which they operate.  

Last week, Ireland joined its international partners in welcoming the new international standard, developed by the OECD, on the automatic exchange of crypto information between tax authorities. The Crypto Asset Reporting Framework is being delivered within the EU through an amendment to the Directive on Administrative Co-Operation.   A publication by the Irish government states that “Ireland is already a recognised global leader in exchange of information and today marks an important staging post which reinforces Ireland's commitment to best international practice in tax transparency.”  Read the joint statement.  

Last week the Institute was represented at meetings in London of the UK Domestic Advisory Group (“DAG”), and at the annual joint UK and EU DAG meeting. After the joint meeting with the EU, a statement was issued by the UK and EU DAG’s setting out the matters discussed in more detail. On day two, representatives from both DAGs and from civil society were present at the annual Civil Society forum which provided an opportunity to feedback to representatives of the UK Government and the European Commission on key issues and concerns in implementing the Trade and Co-operation agreement.  The UK DAG is conducting its work via the following sub-groups each of which aims to publish on GOV.UK an update on key issues being discussed in the near future:-  Business and Labour Mobility;  Trade and Customs;  Regulatory Cooperation and Level Playing Field;  Energy and Climate Change; and  Nations and Regions.  Chartered Accountants Ireland participates in the Nations and Regions sub-group and was in attendance at the most recent meeting of this sub-group which took place in Edinburgh on Friday 10 November. During this meeting, attendees heard from Dimitris Dimitriadis, President of the European Economic and Social Committee’s External Relations Section as well as Irene Oldfather Vice-Chair of the UK DAG and Chair of the Sottish Advisory Forum on Europe. Broadly, concerns about youth mobility, environmental targets and the need for clearer guidance on business and economic issues were heard.    During the UK DAG meeting, attendees heard from Professor Anand Menon (UK in a Changing Europe) about the 2026 TCA review process and what that might look like given the potential for a change in UK Government after the next election. Sir Oliver Heald, Leader of the Delegation and Co-Chair of the UK-EU Parliamentary Partnership Assembly, was also in attendance and listened to various concerns from the UK DAG’s sub-groups.  Last week’s meetings in London took place in the grand surroundings of Lancaster House (see photo) which has been used in previous series of Netflix’s The Crown and which also features in the final series starting later this week. The UK Government’s wine cellars are also located at Lancaster House. 

In early October, the Institute responded to the House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee’s inquiry into draft Finance Bill 2023/24. As the Committee has now accepted this as evidence, the submission is available to read in the Tax Representations section of our website. The Institute’s submission was focused on two specific areas of concern in the draft Finance Bill:- The proposal to restrict the geographical scope of agricultural property relief and woodlands relief for inheritance tax to UK land and property only from 6 April 2024 – in August the Institute wrote to the Financial Secretary to the Treasury on the same issue; and  The proposal to potentially merge the UK’s SME and “large” company R&D tax relief regimes from 1 April 2024.    You can read the Institute’s recommendations in relation to both of these areas in the submission. 

In this week’s EU exit corner, we bring you the latest guidance updates and publications relevant to EU exit. The latest Trader Support Service bulletin is also available in addition to the most recent Cabinet Office Borders bulletin which recently returned from a break. The Minister of State has written to the Chair of the House of Lords Protocol Sub-Committee providing an update the on the implementation of the Windsor Framework (“WF”) and this Committee has recently launched a new inquiry into regulatory divergence and the WF. Miscellaneous updated guidance etc.   The following updated guidance, and publications relevant to EU exit are available:-  Check if a business holds Authorised Economic Operator status;  Apply to use Simplified Import VAT Accounting;  CDS Declaration Completion Instructions for Exports;  Split consignments: Tariff classification and import procedures;  Known error workarounds for the Customs Declaration Service (CDS);  Apply for an Advance Tariff Ruling;  Data Element 2/3 Documents and Other Reference Codes (National) of the Customs Declaration Service (CDS);  Additional Information (AI) Statement Codes for Data Element 2/2 of the Customs Declaration Service (CDS);  Customs Declaration Completion Requirements for The Northern Ireland Protocol;  Customs Declaration Service (CDS) waiver codes for imports replacing 999L;  Authorisation type codes for Data Element 3/39 of the Customs Declaration Service; and Split consignments: Tariff classification and import procedures.

HMRC recently continued its communication campaign on Pillar 2. In the UK, Pillar 2 will have effect in respect of in-scope groups’ accounting periods beginning on or after 31 December 2023. Letters to businesses are being sent to the Large Business (“LB”) population in addition to Wealthy and Mid-sized Business (“WMB”) taxpayers. The continuation of the communication campaign also includes letters to agent representatives, and articles in both the November 2023 Agent Update and HMRC Stakeholder Digest.   According to HMRC, steps have been taken to expand the avenues which correspondence is being issued to and HMRC is also encouraging potentially affected taxpayers to sign up to receive digital correspondence in future if they have not already done so.  The specific activity being undertaken commenced at the end of last month and is as follows:-  From Monday 30 October, letters began to issue to LB taxpayers that had not signed up to receive email updates;  From Friday 3 November, a bulk email was then issued to LB and WMB taxpayers, and to agents and representatives bodies who had signed up to receive email updates;  From Monday 6 November, letters began to issue to any remaining WMB taxpayers who had not previously signed up. 

HMRC’s latest schedule of live and recorded webinars for tax agents is available for booking. Spaces are limited, so take a look now and save your place.  

Do you use HMRC online services? Don’t be caught out by the planned downtime to some services. HMRC are warning about the non-availability of specific services on the HMRC website, a range of services are impacted. Check the relevant page for information on planned downtime.  

Check out the latest items on the Agent Forum. Remember, in order to view each item, you must be signed up and logged in.  All agents, who are a member of a professional body, are invited to join HMRC’s Agent Forum. This dedicated Agent Forum is hosted in a private area within the HMRC’s Online Taxpayer Forum. You can interact with other agents and HMRC experts to discuss topical issues and processes. 

Seasonal corporate gifting is standard in business but can it be done responsibly? Feena Kickhamm outlines her advice on sustainable gift-giving for Irish businesses this Christmas Sustainable corporate gifting is an excellent opportunity to demonstrate a company’s sustainability commitments, including environmental and social responsibility. Businesses can inspire their employees, build a positive brand image, and contribute to a better world by choosing sustainable gifts. There are several issues to bear in mind when trying to keep your gifting green. Define your values: Clarify the criteria most important for your corporate gifts, e.g. environmental impact, supporting local communities or fair trade. Local sourcing: Support local SMEs and social enterprises. This supports the local economy and reduces carbon emissions from shipping. Eco-friendly materials: Choose gifts with a good environmental footprint, such as made from recycled or upcycled materials and consider reusable or recyclable packaging.   Education: Raise awareness with information about the sustainability and ethics of your chosen gift to recipients.   There is a wealth of small, creative, and sustainable businesses to choose from in Ireland. Here are several that are worthy of your support this holiday season: Social Enterprises We Make Good has products that are designed by some of Ireland’s best designers and made by people facing social challenges who have been supported to develop valuable skills and gain employment.   Rediscovery Centre is an eco store providing a wide range of upcycled and reused circular economy products.   ReThink Ireland contains a directory listing social enterprises you can support in Ireland.   Going green Ireland currently recycles 31 percent of all plastics, which needs to increase to 50 percent by 2025 under EU Legislation. There are shops that can help us reach this goal. Reuzi, Faerly, and Pax are just some of the zero-waste businesses in Ireland providing a range of gifting solutions to encourage minimal-waste living.  Jimmy Eco Toys is a toy company retailing and distributing eco-friendly toys. Hometree plants native woodland in Ireland to help with land regeneration and biodiversity. You can pledge or donate for trees planted in Ireland.  Of course, you can also give e-gift cards, experience gifts or donations to a local charity to guarantee your gift doesn’t end up in a landfill. Ethical food Coffee and chocolate production are often linked to environmental and human rights challenges, but there are many companies actively working to overcome these issues. Moyee Coffee offers fair chain coffee, meaning more value stays in coffee-growing countries through the creation of quality employment and provision a living income for farmers. Tony's Chocolonely is a Dutch chocolate brand committed to eradicating child labour in the global chocolate supply chain.   Imbibe Coffee is organic, socially conscious coffee that is giving back. One percent of its coffee sales go to Women’s Aid, one percent to projects at coffee origins they buy from and a further one percent is shared among its staff.  Making the effort Sourcing sustainable and ethical corporate gifts may take time and have a slightly higher upfront cost, but it demonstrates your commitment to responsible business practices and can have a real positive impact on smaller businesses.   We recognise there are many more great small businesses and social enterprises not listed here, and we encourage companies to expand their corporate gifting search a little this year to support as many as possible. Feena Kickhamm is Sustainability Adviser at Business in the Community Ireland 

As the winter sets in and temperatures drop, your staff may become more vulnerable to illness. Gemma O’Connor explains how to help reduce the spread of infection in your workplace While you can’t stop staff from getting sick, you can take steps to lower the risk of employee illness impacting your operations. The following steps can help keep your business up and running all winter. Clamp down on presenteeism While absenteeism causes its own problems, it’s a good idea to let staff know that it is okay to be ill. Many employees continue going to work while they’re unwell and infectious out of fear that not turning up will have a negative impact on their prospects with the organisation. This “presenteeism” (i.e. the pressure to be present at work) can be very damaging for you and your employee, however. Employees who continue working while ill will likely struggle to perform, prolong their illness, and pass it on to others. So, while you don’t have to manage without an absent employee in the short term, you could end up having more people off work sick in the weeks following their illness. Ventilate your workplace As a general rule, you should make sure your workplace is well-ventilated – especially in enclosed areas. If your staff work in a poorly ventilated enclosed space, it’s far more likely that infectious illnesses will spread. Ensuring your workplace has access to fresh air will help reduce the transmission risk. If you can’t open windows, you should have an air conditioner installed. The Health and Safety Authority has recently released a Code of Practice for Indoor Air Quality that goes into greater detail on how to maintain acceptable indoor humidity levels. Encourage staff to maintain a clean working environment Maintaining good hygiene practices at work will also help to reduce the risk of viruses spreading. It’s important to remind staff to be responsible for their hygiene by washing hands, covering their mouths when sneezing or coughing, and keeping surfaces clean. You could put signs around the office to remind staff to practise good hygiene, leave hand sanitiser on desks or provide a communal sanitiser, and offer protective equipment to staff. Review your sickness and absence policy If you don’t currently have a sickness and absence policy, you must set one up to comply with the Sick Leave Act 2022. Whether you have a standalone policy for sickness – or one policy outlining how you deal with all types of absences – it’s essential to have it in writing and to communicate it to staff. Having a policy gives you and your staff a process to follow if they think they might not be well enough to work. In your policy, you should outline: how to report a sickness absence; how often you’ll be in touch while your employee is off work; how you support employees who are returning to work after a sickness absence; and your statutory sick pay policy as required under the Sick Leave Act 2022. For 2023, your staff have a statutory entitlement to three days of paid sick leave. This entitlement is scheduled to increase to five days of paid sick leave in 2024. Your sick leave policy should set out the minimum payments for periods of certified sick leave, which is 70 percent of the employee’s usual daily earnings up to a maximum of €110 a day. Gemma O’Connor is Head of Service at Peninsula Ireland

Brexit has been with us for quite some time, yet challenges remain for businesses trading with the UK. Janette Maxwell outlines the practical considerations for Irish importers and exporters Recent CSO figures show imports from Britain to Ireland fell by 14 percent to €1.8 billion in August 2023 compared to August 2022, and exports from Ireland to Britain fell by 15 percent to €1.3 billion in August 2023 compared to August 2022. With imports and exports in decline, it’s hard not to look to Brexit and the challenges it has brought as the culprit. Here are some practicalities to consider when trading with Britain. Irish-based businesses unwilling to act as importers of record Where an Irish-based business sources goods from outside the EU, it may not be willing to take on the responsibilities associated with the importation. To secure these sales, the foreign supplier seeks an Irish VAT registration and an EU Economic Operators Registration and Identification (EORI) number to act as the importer of record on the basis the sales are subject to the incoterm, delivered duty paid. The foreign supplier is then responsible for the importation of the goods into Ireland and pays the import VAT and any customs duty arising from the importation. The subsequent sale of the goods by the foreign supplier is subject to Irish VAT, which is returned on the foreign supplier’s Irish VAT return, with the import VAT being claimed as input VAT. Subject to authorisation from the Irish Revenue, it may be possible for the foreign supplier to use postponed VAT accounting for the imports. Postponed VAT accounting for imports An Irish VAT-registered business may apply to the Irish Revenue for authorisation to use postponed accounting for imports. Where this is granted, an importer does not pay import VAT on the clearing of the goods through customs. Instead, the import VAT is included as output VAT in the Irish VAT return, with the importer claiming input VAT in the same return subject to the deductibility provisions. There is a requirement to include the customs value of the goods in the PA1 field of the VAT return and in the appropriate fields of the annual return of trading details, i.e. PA2 and PA3 or PA4. EORI numbers A business acting as the declarant when importing or exporting goods from the EU must have an  EORI number, enabling the EU Customs administrations to deal with customs-related procedures. An Irish-established business can obtain its EORI by applying to the Irish Revenue. However, a non-EU established business should request its EORI from the EU member state in which it first lodges a customs declaration or applies for a customs decision. Contracts that would result in a UK VAT registration obligation Should the Irish business sell goods on delivered duty paid (DDP) terms to a customer in Britain, the Irish business would have to deal with the importation of goods into Britain. Where DDP terms apply, the Irish business must appoint a UK-established agent and obtain a British EORI number. The Irish company would also have to register for UK VAT to pay over the UK import VAT arising and to charge UK VAT on the domestic supply of the goods to the customers in Britain. Postponing the UK import VAT Import VAT is typically payable at the point of importation into Britain. UK import VAT is liable on goods at the same rate which would apply to the goods had the supply occurred in the UK – i.e. 20 percent.   Like Ireland, the UK government introduced a measure allowing importers to operate a postponed method of accounting for the UK VAT. This means that the payment of import VAT can be delayed until the next VAT return following the date of importation. The Irish business would self-account for import UK VAT and – subject to the standard VAT recovery rules in the UK and its VAT recovery entitlement – would be entitled to claim a corresponding VAT deduction, potentially providing a cash-neutral position for the Irish business. It is important to remember that customs duty may also arise, which is non-recoverable and represents an absolute cost for the business. What’s ahead At the contract negotiation stage, it is vital that the Irish business understands the impact of the commercial terms to which they are agreeing and, if possible, negotiates more favourable terms which may avoid a UK VAT registration and the associated registration and compliance responsibilities. It is also essential to keep up to date with VAT legislative developments in the UK and seek UK VAT advice as required, in addition to Irish VAT advice. Janette Maxwell is a Director of Tax with Grant Thornton Ireland

The Economic Crime (Transparency and Enforcement) Act 2022 created the Register of Overseas Entities (ROE). It requires overseas entities owning UK property to reveal their beneficial owners and to register their entities on a publicly available register.  Information must be verified before an overseas entity makes an application for registration, complies with the updating duty or makes an application for removal. The Register of Overseas Entities (Verification and Provision of Information ) Regulations 2022 (SI 2022/725) set out the details of the verification system. The drafting of the Verification Regulations means that there is a strict liability in place and the accountancy professional body supervisors are concerned that any firm acting as a verifier will face significant challenges and expose itself to significant risk, including possible criminal prosecution, regulatory sanction, and reputational damage. Firms should carefully consider whether they should provide this verification work. The work required for verification under the ROE is not the same as the risk-based approach to client due diligence under Money Laundering Regulations 2017 and firms should familiarise themselves with the differences. The Government has produced further Guidance to assist. The Accountancy AML Supervisors Group (AASG) published an AML Alert highlighting key risks associated with this work. The Institute has previously shared this AASG AML Alert on ROE-Verification work with the MLCPs and MLROs but would highlight again the risks associated with this verification work.

Donal Bourke began his career as an ACA, and now works in FinOps in Leeds, UK. He has also launched a YouTube channel advising others who might be considering a move into FinOps. Did you fall into finops or was it by design the you moved into the area. A keen interest in IT perhaps? My path to FinOps was a combination of luck and design. While working as an accountant, I enjoyed the people engagement side but was frustrated by the fact that we were often reporting figures after the fact – closing the gate after the horse had bolted so to speak. This prompted my first career pivot into analytics. My accounting qualification gave me a great understanding of how businesses work and a comfort with numbers. I took this base and built on it through acquiring skills manipulating large data volumes (ETL – Extract transform and Load) and developing data visualisation skills. These skills lead to my first career pivot into sourcing analytics. In this role I built data workflows to allow sourcing managers make better buying decisions based on what we had purchased in the past and planned to purchase in the future.  One of the categories I supported was IT Infrastructure with our largest spend being on public cloud. Given the size of the spend, this area began to focus more and more of my time. The more I learned about the public cloud the more opportunity I saw for someone who can wrangle large data sets, make sense of numbers, and communicate these to the business. I gained my FinOps certification and was approached about a FinOps consulting role in another company which is where I am now. What skills, intrinsic to an ACA, make you an effective proponent in the FinOps area? Growth mindset and continuing professional development is a key characteristic when working in the FinOps area. The cloud providers offerings are changing constantly as well as customers' IT infrastructure. All these changes need to be considered and appropriate actions taken to deliver the greatest value to our customers. What additional training did you have to do? If I was starting on the learning journey again the key steps I would take are as follows: Understand the basic concepts of cloud computing. I found this podcast (Cloudcast Basics) very useful AWS provide some free training material which would bring you through the various services in more detail Understand the kind of activities FinOps involves and get used to some terminology. Another podcast I found useful was Cloud Cost Optimization Take the FinOps certification course and exam to get accredited (the course is about $600 and the exam is about $300) Once certified you will have access to the FinOps community to show how to apply what you have learned. What is your take on the growing convergence between IT and finance/accounting? The rise of cloud raises a new challenge for finance. Previously, companies had on-premises data centres (private clouds) for which they would raise a Capex request which would go through the various levels of approval before the purchase is made. In the world of cloud, engineers are creating cloud resources with every line of code they write. The developer's priority is to make the system run while cost may be lower down their list. All these charges build on each other in opex leading to a growing cloud bill which may contain a rising level of technical debt. This is where FinOps comes in: to bridge the gap between the technical architecture and financial accountability. What advantage or differing insights do you have versus your IT professional counterparts in your current team? Being able to layer business context to the numbers and architecture is a major advantage. For example if a customer's cloud bill jumps all of a sudden, this may be due to a sale or promotion being run by the business. By understanding this context we can make better decisions. How do you see the area of FinOps evolving in the years ahead ? Is AI a threat to it or a boost? FinOps as a discipline has only been around since 2019 with earlier incarnations of cloud cost management only being a few years earlier. Given the early stages, the growth and foundational frameworks are still being put in place so it’s very hard to see where it will end. Given the volume of data being generated from cloud providers, data literacy will become more and more important. I can see AI having two major impacts in the FinOps space: AI being used a s a co-pilot to sift through vast data sets to find the anomalies that require action and optimisation All these AI models run on the cloud, guess who needs to monitor the efficiency of these cloud environments?… FinOps practitioners! I would liken it to being a shovel salesperson in California during the gold rush. A FinOps practitioner may not necessarily build the models, but they will be needed now more than ever. What does a typical month or quarter look like in the FinOps space? Daily monitoring of the customer's environment to optimise their cloud commitment mix to maximise savings Building data models to improve data points to allow better decisions be made for the above commitments Monthly/quarterly customer meetings where architecture changes are discussed to understand future optimisation opportunities No month end!! What career "stepping stones" would you recommend to a newly qualified ACA keen to get into this area? Much like my own additional learning I mentioned earlier, I'd try to grasp and learn the basic concepts involved in cloud computing; things like the Cloudcast Basics podcasts were helpful to me; The AWS training material can help boost knowledge of the services in a more detailed way; get your head around the terminology and get certified. That's really the key, as it can give you greater access to the community and opportunities within the industry. Donal Bourke is a Cloud Optimisation Consultant with NetApp Donal's YouTube channel, FinOps for Finance, gives an overview of FinOps, how it relates to finance, and how to pivot into a career in the growing space of cloud optimization.                                                 

The pervasive use of business jargon can hinder effective communication and alienate colleagues and clients. Jean Evans explores the impact and pitfalls of using it in business According to Duolingo, many words and phrases used in ‘business English’ have been subsumed into other languages, and 60 percent of people say they had to figure out the jargon used on their own when entering an organisation or business sector. The prolific use of business jargon can not only lead to potential miscommunication, it can also exclude others in the organisation from networking within their business sphere. Why do we use jargon? The use of jargon can achieve several things. It can: project authority; convey sophistication; showcase trendiness; and show business savvy. However, jargon can make others in your organisation or at a networking event feel uninformed and stressed, leading to less productivity, miscommunication and heightening another person’s sense of imposter syndrome. Acronyms Acronyms can be equally confusing and isolating for people who don’t understand them. In business, we hear a tremendous number of acronyms. Never assume your audience understands them. If acronyms crop up, make sure they are explained in full at the outset. For example, “key performance indicator (KPI)” can be formatted to inform an uninitiated reader of the acronym’s meaning before they continue reading the document. Jargon in marketing and promotion The amount of jargon used in brochures, websites, social media pitches and proposals can be staggering, particularly in hard-to-understand areas such as finance. If you want to sell your services to those outside the accountancy profession, eliminate all the technical terms you would typically use daily from client-facing content and have someone outside your industry review copy to see if it stands up on its own. If they understand what you are trying to sell, so will potential clients. Raise your awareness Become aware of the language you use. It can create a barrier, but when used correctly, it has the power to include everyone in the conversation. Jean Evans is a Networking Architect at NetworkMe

Budget 2024 was substantial. Brian Brennan and Norah Collender outline the measures that will be implemented in the new Finance Bill Finance (No.2) Bill 2023 was introduced by Minister McGrath following a budget package worth €14 billion announced on Budget Day. The Bill is large by normal standards, running to over 270 pages, due to substantial legislation required to introduce the new minimum effective rate of tax for companies/groups with revenues exceeding €750 million. The Bill sets out the legislation for measures announced on Budget Day along with the customary raft of changes of keen interest to us, the accountancy profession, as advisors and business leaders.   Corporation tax  The Bill proposes numerous measures impacting businesses, including changes to corporation tax loss relief rules and amendments to the taxation of leases.   The Bill also includes a revised form of the bank levy for 2024 based on a measure of deposits held by each liable institution. In addition, the Bill sets in motion the Budget’s enhancement of the R&D Tax Credit (RDTC) rate to 30 percent and doubles a company’s first-year refundable RDTC instalment. These enhancements apply to accounting periods commencing on or after 1 January 2024. The Bill also introduces a ‘pre-notification’ requirement for new RDTC claimants or companies that have not made an RDTC claim in the three previous accounting periods.   New measures are also provided for in the Bill on outbound payments of interest, royalties and distributions (including dividends) to jurisdictions on the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions, no-tax and zero-tax jurisdictions. These measures are designed to meet commitments contained in Ireland’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan. Income tax The Bill sets out the required provisions to enable Budget increases to income tax rate bands, tax credits and reductions to USC. It also provides that gains on the exercise, assignment or release of a right to acquire shares or other assets will be assessed under the PAYE regime for gains realised on or after 1 January 2024. As with other emoluments and benefits chargeable under PAYE, employers will be responsible for processing the calculation and collection of tax as part of their employer PAYE returns.  Capital gains tax (CGT) and Capital acquisitions tax (CAT) The Bill proposes changes to CGT Retirement Relief for business owners and farmers, which extends the age limit for the relief from 66 to 70 but limits disposals to a child made by a disponer aged 55 to 69 to €10 million. This measure will be an impediment to a well-organised lifetime intergenerational transfer of larger businesses.    The Bill introduces a new CAT reporting requirement on interest-free loans involving private companies, even where no gift tax is payable. Clawback provisions impacting CAT Business Relief and Agricultural relief are also amended in the Bill.   Pension measures Several measures relating to pensions are proposed in the Bill, including the removal of the upper age limit on taking benefits from Personal Retirement Savings Accounts (PRSAs), allowing for drawdowns by PRSA holders after they reach the age of 75 years. The Bill proposes that Revenue will not approve any applications for new retirement annuity contracts received after 1 January 2024. Anti-avoidance measures in the Bill aim to prevent assets from being used to provide loans and/or as security to private companies. Pension funds will also have to ensure that tenancies are registered with the Residential Tenancies Board (RTB) to avail of gross roll-up on rental income.   Property The Bill legislates for the Budget’s relief at the standard rate of income tax for residential rental income earned by landlords with properties in the rental market from 2023 to 2027. In addition, the Bill clarifies the taxation of rents paid to non-Irish resident landlords by amending legislation introduced in the Finance Act 2022. In summary, where a tenant of a non-resident landlord pays rent to a collection agent, the tenant will not be required to deduct and remit withholding tax to Revenue. Instead, the collection agent may either deduct and remit tax to Revenue or otherwise remain assessable and chargeable for tax in respect of the rental income of the non-resident landlord.  The Bill also extends the Help to Buy scheme until the end of 2025.   VAT The Bill confirms a number of measures announced in the Budget, such as the extension of the nine percent rate of VAT for the supply of gas and electricity, the application of the zero-rate of VAT to certain audiobooks or eBooks, and the increase in the VAT registration thresholds. The Bill is currently making its way through the Dáil and is expected to be signed into law just before Christmas.  Brian Brennan is Tax Parter at KPMG Norah Collender is Tax Director at KPMG

Welcome to this edition of Technical Roundup. In recent developments, a new traffic light display, which will indicate if a charity has submitted their accounts and reports to the Charity Commission for Northern Ireland on time, is being rolled out on the Register of Charities; the European Securities & Markets Authority has published an article on the evolution of the European share market structure from 2019 to 2022, following the implementation of the markets in financial instruments directive (MiFID II). Read more on these and other developments that may be of interest to members below. Financial Reporting The Institute has issued its response to the International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB) request for information on the Post-Implementation Review of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Whilst supporting the strong framework provided by the five-step framework in IFRS 15, the Institute made some recommendations and comments in its submission, including a request for further guidance in certain areas where the application of the standard is more challenging. The Institute has also issued its response to the draft amendments to the LLP SORP. Some of the updates being proposed to the SORP include. Updates for Climate-related financial disclosures Guidance relating to amounts payable to former members Guidance on sharing of group profits Guidance on automatic division of profits to members who do not provide any substantive services to the LLP An effective date of periods commencing on or after 1 January 2024 is proposed for the changes EFRAG and the UK Endorsement Board have also issued their responses to the IASB’s request for views on the Post-Implementation Review of IFRS 15. The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has published a report looking at how companies can improve their corporate reporting by taking a more focused, strategic approach to assessing materiality. The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) are holding a online roundtables for different interest groups at various dates in November and December entitled “Statement of Cash Flows – Is there a need for change?” In a thought provoking article, Oliver Boutellis-Taft, CEO of Accountancy Europe, discusses the methods used to categorise entities for regulatory purposes across Europe. This is largely performed using quantitative metrics such as turnover. In the article, the potential benefits of the use of more metrics which are based on impacts and risks are discussed. Accountancy Europe has issued its October 2023 Newsletter. The IFRS Foundation has issued its National Standard-setters newsletter. This discusses the recent World Standard Setters Conference which was held in London on 25th and 26th September. The IASB has issued its October 2023 update. this summarises the recent activities and decisions made during their recent meetings. The IASB has also released its October 2023 podcast. The IFRS Foundation has also released its October 2023 monthly news summary. IFRIC, the IFRS Interpretations Committee has issued its September 2023 update. This summarises the decisions reached by the Committee in its recent meetings. Assurance and Auditing The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has launched a consultation to strengthen auditor requirements to detect and report material misstatements from non-compliance with laws, ISA(UK)250A and ISA (UK)250 B, and regulations and to clarify when auditors should report such breaches, and other significant matters, to the relevant regulators. The aim is to enhance the useability and informativeness of the audit. They are consulting on strengthening both ISAs and the consultation closes on 12 January 2024. The FRC are planning a webinar and roundtables in  November for interested parties. Chartered Accountants Ireland has responded to the FRC’s consultation on proposed amendments to the Ethical Standard for Auditors. We welcome the moves to align with the IESBA standard and we are supportive of changes which add clarity and therefore make compliance easier, but we have concerns that the proposed effective date of 15 December 2024 might not allow firms sufficient time to make the necessary changes to their global systems. Sustainability Proposed ISSA 5000: the application of materiality by the entity and the assurance practitioner. As part of the IAASB's intensive outreach campaign across the globe, there were requests from a range of stakeholders to provide additional information on materiality matters to better help them navigate the recently proposed International Standard on Sustainability Assurance (ISSA) 5000, General Requirements for Sustainability Assurance Engagements. This comprehensive set of Frequently Asked Questions was developed to respond to these requests. The compilation addresses a variety of questions, including how the concept of materiality applies to sustainability reporting and assurance; the definition of double materiality; and how an assurance practitioner considers an organization’s “materiality process” during a sustainability assurance engagement, among other questions and answers. Following the passing of the scrutiny period for the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), the 12 standards have now been adopted and integrated in the European legal framework. The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) have welcomed this significant milestone and noted its dedication to providing support for the successful implementation of the suite of standards. This includes: Their launch of a Q&A platform to encourage stakeholder dialogue The development of further standards for SMEs The ESRS did not go unchallenged through the period of scrutiny and on 18th October, a resolution calling for a new delegated act to be submitted (containing significant reductions on the level of requirements placed on companies by the CSRD and ESRS) was defeated in the European Parliament by a margin of 359 against to 261 in favour. Whilst the challenge was defeated, it is notable that the margin in favour of a revision to the CSRD was significant. Accountancy Europe together with ECIAA and ecoDa has released a publication entitled “ESG Governance: questions boards should ask to lead the sustainability transition”. This publication aims to help boards in embedding sustainability factors into company strategy and business models and to ensure proper governance of this. The Brazilian Ministry of Finance and the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) have announced that the International Sustainability Standards Board’s (ISSB) IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards will be incorporated into the Brazilian regulatory framework, setting out a roadmap to move from voluntary use starting in 2024 to mandatory use on 1 January 2026. The FRC and the British Accounting and Finance Association's (BAFA) hosted a joint event: Embedding Sustainability in Audit and Accounting Education—A forum for Professional Accountancy Bodies, Academics, and Training Providers on 1 November at Manchester University. The International Sustainability Standards Board has issued its ISSB Update, and the latest episode of the ISSB podcast. Insolvency For readers who did not secure a place on the Corporate Enforcement Authority’s (CEA) inaugural conference of 19 October 2023 ,the CEA has now made available the content of most of the papers delivered at the conference and readers can access the papers on the CEA’s website under the “Events “ button. A notable judgement has been handed down in a recent examinership case. In the case involving Mac Interiors Limited, Mr Justice Michael Quinn ruled that the court had no jurisdiction to confirm the scheme of arrangement proposed by the Examiner. Read the article on our website here. Economic crime/Anti-money laundering Readers should note that the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act received royal assent on 26 October 2023. Please click here to access the legislation and here for a press release from UK government on the legislation. It includes new enhanced powers for UK Companies House and a new much debated failure to prevent crime offence for large organisations. More detailed analysis of the legislation and its applicability to our readers will follow in future news items. The Institute’s Professional Standards Dept. (PSD) has recently issued its AML supervision report 22/23. The report outlines PSD’s risk methodology identifying various risk factors to which accountancy firms may be exposed, including but not limited to higher risk services; higher risk clients; exposure to high-risk jurisdictions; complex firm structures and poor regulatory history. It also deals with risk profile of TCSPs (ROI - med/high risk of money laundering, med/low risk of terrorist financing and UK high risk of money laundering). Emerging risks include increase in insolvencies, risks associated with bounce back loans, the ongoing crisis in Ukraine and cryptoassets. Finally, the most common findings related to breach were no or inadequate documented policies & procedures, inadequate documentation of CDD, no or inadequate CDD procedures, no ongoing CDD monitoring, no or inadequate client risk assessment/record missing, no/inadequate periodic review of compliance with AML regs, no or inadequate training, no or inadequate firm-wide risk assessment. In the latest SARs in Action magazine, a wide range of money muling issues are discussed. The National Crime Agency 's National Economic Crime Centre looks at how money muling networks may form, there is a look at how money muling is addressed within the banking sector by NatWest Group, and a discussion on educating young people on the threat of money muling by UK Finance.  The latest Financial Action Task Force (FATF) 'High-Risk Jurisdictions subject to a Call for Action' (black list ) and 'Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring' (grey list ) documents issued by the FATF on the 27 of October 2023 are now available on FATF’s website and you can access the information here. Other News The European Banking Authority (EBA) and the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) have published a Consultation Paper on two draft Joint Guidelines covering suitability assessment of members of the management body, and suitability of shareholders and members with qualifying holdings of issuers of asset referenced tokens (ARTs) and of crypto-asset service provider (CASPs).  A new traffic light display, which will indicate if a charity has submitted their accounts and reports to the Charity Commission for Northern Ireland on time, is being rolled out on the register of charities. The Central Bank of Ireland are hosting a Financial System Conference 2023 – Achieving good outcomes in an uncertain world – which will take place on 8 November 2023 at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin.  This event will bring together diverse perspectives from industry leaders, consumer representatives and policymakers, from Ireland and across the EU, to discuss and debate key issues for the financial system.  UKFIU's magazine SARs in Action: Special edition on Money Mules The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) welcomes the appointment of Alan Vallance as the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales’ (ICAEW) Chief Executive Officer, replacing Michael Izza who is due to retire in spring 2024. ESMA has published an article on the evolution of the European share market structure from 2019 to 2022, following the implementation of the markets in financial instruments directive (MiFID II). Specific focus is given to the impact of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU, given its pivotal role in equity markets. In an interesting article issued by IFAC, Pascal Bornet discusses the opportunities that artificial intelligence and intelligent automation provide to accountants. The Screening of Third Country Transactions Bill 2022 was signed into law by the President on 31st October 2023. The finalised text of the legislation is not yet on the Irish statute book website and it is anticipated that it will not become operational until Q2 2024. The legislation when operational will require that certain investments in critical Irish industries that may present risks to Ireland’s security or public order must be reviewed by the Minister for Enterprise Trade and Employment. The legislation will apply to transactions (or an accumulation of transactions in a twelve month period) equal to or greater than €2,000,000. Third country is  any non-EU/EEA country other than Switzerland. Therefore the UK and the US fall within the definition of third country. The types of transaction to which the legislation will apply are set out in Article 4(1) (a)-(e) of the 2019 EU regulation establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Union such as critical infrastructure including energy transport, water and critical technologies including aerospace, defence, energy storage. The trigger for a transaction to fall within the scope of the legislation is a change in shares or voting rights from 25% or less to more than 25% or from 50% or less to more than 50%. The Minister can review transactions post completion in certain circumstances and can call in certain transactions even if non notifiable where there are reasonable grounds for believing that the transaction would be manifestly contrary to Irish security or public order. Following recent changes in UK legislation, cryptoassets promotions targeting UK customers now fall under the remit of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). In light of this, the FCA has introduced rules designed to give people a better understanding of what they are investing in. They have also issued guidance to support crypto firms in complying with the new marketing rules. The European Commission has adopted the proposal to increase the company size thresholds set out in the Accounting Directive. This follows a consultation period in recent months which proposed a 25% increase in the size limits for turnover and balance sheet total to reflect the levels of inflation since the limits were introduced. The Institute, under the auspices of CCAB-I issued a response to this in October and agreed with the proposed increase. The amendments will not come into force until they are published in the Official Journal. Once in force, the changes would allow member states, including Ireland, to increase their company size thresholds for turnover and balance sheet total locally. The FRC has released two reports on the actuarial profession in the UK. One report highlights gender imbalance in the profession, its second report looks at the use of AI and machine learning in UK actuarial work. The CRO has published its Christmas filing deadlines and clarifies that processing before the Christmas break of submissions received after the dates below cannot be guaranteed:            FE PHRAINN ONLINE SCHEME 12 DECEMBER 2023 A1 ORDINARY ONLINE SCHEME 7 DECEMBER 2023 CHANGE OF NAME 8 DECEMBER2023 REREGISTRATIONS 8 DECEMBER 2023 COMPANY NAME RESERVATIONS 15 DECEMBER 2023 For further technical information and updates please visit the Technical Hub on the Institute website.  

Ronan Guilfoyle was inspired by a friend who made the move to the Cayman Islands, so when the opportunity arose to do the same, he took the leap. We caught up with Ronan to learn a little more about his life and work in the Caribbean. 1. Where did you grow up and where do you live now?   I was born and raised in Douglas in Cork. In 2002, I moved to the Cayman Islands where I still live. 2. Can you tell us a little about how you got to where you are today – both the geographical relocation and career path. And, looking back, what advice would you give your 20-year-old self? It's a long story! I got my degree in accounting from Universtity College Cork and then became an Auditor with EY in Cork, and passed my FAEs in 2000. Just the next year, a friend of mine who was also an accountant moved to the Cayman Islands and as we kept in touch I became more and more interested in that kind of work and lifestyle. And a year after that, an opportunity came up to work in Cayman in fund administration. At that time, the Cayman Islands was the leading offshore fund domicile, primarily serving a US client base. It's a highly successful international financial centre, due to its flexible regulatory framework- based on UK common law, a stable political climate and its tax neutral status. When I arrived, I first worked with a boutique fund administration firm, which was later taken over by a larger more established player. Over the next four years, I rose to Senior Manager level and was offered the opportunity to return to Ireland to open an office for the firm. At the same time, I was also approached by a former employer to join him at DMS (now Waystone), which was one of the larger governance firms in Cayman. I was really enjoying my time in Cayman and I wasn’t ready to come home yet, so I stayed. Cayman is an incredible place to live, with good weather all the time, beautiful beaches and a great community of professionals working in the financial services sector.  The infrastructure and amenities here are first class and we are just an hour away from Miami. I had also established a life here, with friends and hobbies, plus a good standard of living. Part of my mandate at DMS was to expand the firm outside of Cayman as then it was only operating from one jurisdiction. I opened the first international office in my home town in Cork, shortly afterwards another one in Dublin, and by 2012 there were a further six offices across the network and a significantly larger team. In 2010, I was made a partner. After 10 years with the company, I felt the time was right to start my own firm. I invited a colleague, Wade Kenny, to join me and we started Calderwood in 2016 as a specialist fund governance firm. Fast forward to now, and by the end of this year, we will have 14 people in the team, and we're winning awards for our work. We have expanded our presence to the US, Asia and the UK. Thinking about what advice I would give my younger self is an interesting exercise because I’ve been quite successful and have enjoyed the things I have done. I’ve learned that nothing comes for free and in order to progress at any level at any firm, I think you have to be willing to work incredibly hard, but also efficiently – to maximise the effort. Sometimes that entails some sacrifice, but in my case I feel it has been worth it.  I think one of my key strengths is to trust my gut and make decisions quickly. That’s not to say haven’t made any mistakes, but it’s about what you do with each lesson. That’s the most important thing to take forward.  3. What made you choose to become a Chartered Accountant? It was always a favourite subject at school and something that I to excelled at. A friend’s father had a small accountancy office and I did some work experience with them. It was administrative work, but I really enjoyed working with the accountants there. This all drove me to the career decision, and I was able to formulate a plan for how to get there. I chose accountancy as a Leaving Certificate subject, then I did a specialised degree focused on accounting so I could complete the first two years of my accountancy exams sooner. I think the combination of my natural aptitude, plus my enjoyment of the subject matter really helped me to accelerate my learning and kick start my career. 4. What do you value most about your membership of the profession and how do you think those benefits can be used to support the economy and society? Being part of this industry group and the association is very important to me. I remember reading many years ago that 60% of Fortune 500 CEOs were accountants, and I was very impressed by that. The designation certainly helps open doors for you, particularly through fellow members of the Institute. And as we all know, the designation is recognised all around the world, which is useful. 5. As a member living away from Ireland, can you talk to us about how your membership has been of value to you living overseas?  The membership really helps me feel connected with what’s happening in Ireland. The emails and other publications are very useful to keep up with things from a tax perspective. I may well return to Ireland one day, so keeping the connection active is important to me. I have always maintained my designation with the Institute and appreciate being part of this elite group of Irish accountants.  When I heard that a member chapter had established in Bermuda, I thought to myself that as we have lots of accountants here, it would make sense to start our own group in Cayman: to have a Cayman voice for our Irish Institute members. We hope to hold our first meet-up event soon. The Irish community here is already very close and I think this is a great way to strengthen those ties and mentor some of the newer Irish accountants who have just come to Cayman. We can advise them and be a resource as they navigate the industry here for the first time. The Irish community here gave me an excellent welcome and that was also one of the things that inspired me to set up this new chapter.  6. What were the most significant/noticeable differences you encountered doing business and networking away from home and back in Ireland? I have spent the majority of my career in the Cayman Islands and people do make the predictable jokes, but it’s not about all sitting on the beach and drinking cocktails. While I can’t deny it’s a fabulous place to live, the truth is it has taken many long days and long nights for me to achieve success, which of course is the case anywhere. Having support from other Irish people in all sides of life was great. I think pretty much anywhere you go in the world you can find a great community of Irish people and that is certainly the case over here. A lot of the networking in Cayman revolves around the Irish pub and the Gaelic Athletic Association, which is one of the biggest clubs on the Island.  Ronan Guilfoyle is Co-Founder and Director of Calderwood.