In recognition that the existing limits in some of these schemes restrict their availability to companies in their critical scale-up phase, the Government announced a package of tax changes to support scaling companies to attract investment and talent. There is also an objective to take further steps to ensure tax support is ‘founder friendly’. A call for evidence has therefore been published seeking input from across the scale-up and investor community on the impact of existing schemes and options to provide further support to ensure the UK entrepreneurial ecosystem thrives. The VCT and EIS company investment limits will increase to £10 million (£20 million for Knowledge Intensive Companies (KICs)) and the lifetime company investment limit will increase to £24 million (£40 million for KICs). From April 2026, the gross assets test will increase to £30 million before share issue, and £35 million after. However, the rate of VCT income tax relief will decrease from 30 percent to 20 percent. No changes were announced to the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme.

A soft landing for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax, no changes to corporation tax rates, e-invoicing from 2029, more timely payments of VAT and PAYE, and frozen employer NICs thresholds were the main features with some minor changes to capital allowances and a new consultation on entrepreneurship. More details on these and other relevant changes is set out below. Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax As lobbied for by the Institute, the Government announced a soft landing for MTD for income tax. Late submission penalties for quarterly updates will not apply during the 2026/27 tax year. However, from 6 April 2027 the new penalty regime will apply for late submission and late payments for all taxpayers. The penalties due for late payment of income tax self-assessment and VAT will also increase from April 2027. More details on these announcements were provided in a subsequent email received from HMRC. It was also confirmed that HMRC will update its guidance to clarify that childminders within qualifying sole trade income above the mandation threshold must follow the MTD rules. For other childminders, HMRC will clarify how existing arrangements apply to those working from non-domestic premises. In addition, taxpayers who have a power of attorney and those under a deputyship (as appointed by the Court of Protection) are now permanently exempt from MTD. The MTD start date has also been deferred to 6 April 2027 for some others (recipients of trust and estates income, individuals who use averaging adjustments, those eligible for qualifying care relief and non-UK resident foreign entertainers or sportspeople). E-invoicing from 2029 From April 2029, all VAT invoices will need to be issued in a specified electronic format. The Government will work with stakeholders to develop an implementation roadmap to be published at Budget 2026. The decision to mandate from April 2029 follows the announcement on e-invoicing in Ireland’s most recent Budget subsequent to which the Revenue Commissioners published “Implementation of eInvoicing in Ireland”. Employers The £5,000 per-employee secondary NICs threshold for employers is frozen until 5 April 2031 after dropping from £9,100 from 6 April 2025. As the NICs upper earnings limit and upper profits limits will both remain at £50,270 until April 2031, the other employer NICs reliefs thresholds are also frozen to that date. The employer NICs relief for employers hiring veterans in their first civilian role is being extended to April 2028, from which point support for veterans into employment will be covered through spending review settlements rather than through this tax relief. And finally, the income tax and NICs exemption for employer-provided benefits is to be extended to cover reimbursements for eye tests, home working equipment, and flu vaccinations. This will take effect from 6 April 2026. VAT and PAYE liabilities A consultation will be published in early 2026 to consider ways that VAT and PAYE liabilities can be paid promptly without the taxpayer falling behind on payments, including requiring more tax payments by direct debit. Capital allowances From April 2026 (1 April for companies and 6 April for unincorporated businesses), the rate of writing down allowances in the main pool will be reduced from 18 percent to 14 percent. However, from 1 January 2026 a new first-year allowance (FYA) of 40 percent will be available for main‑rate assets. Cars, second-hand assets and assets for leasing overseas will not be eligible. The benefit this new FYA remains to be seen given that 100 relief is already available for all main pool expenditure via the £1 million annual investment allowance limit with companies also having unlimited 100 percent relief for new main pool expenditure under full expensing. Capital Gains Tax (CGT) anti-avoidance: share exchanges and reorganisations The anti-avoidance provisions that apply to share exchanges and company reorganisations were amended from 26 November 2025 to ensure ‘that they apply to those persons who have entered into arrangements where the main purpose, or one of the main purposes, of the arrangement is to secure a tax advantage that they would not ordinarily have been entitled to’. CGT: non-resident capital gains for UK land and property This legislation was amended from 26 November 2025 to close what the Government refers to as loopholes for protected cell companies. Further administrative reforms are expected from 6 April 2026. Stamp duty reserve tax new UK listing relief A new UK listing relief, a three-year exemption from stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) for companies listing in the UK has been introduced. The measure provides for an exemption from the 0.5 percent SDRT charge on agreements to transfer securities of a company whose shares are newly listed on a UK regulated market. The exemption applies from the listing of the company’s shares. Once in the post-listing period the exemption will apply to all of the company’s securities (not just shares). The new relief took effect for agreements to transfer made on or after 27 November 2025 and applies if the shares of the relevant company are newly listed on or after that date. Customs system reporting and low value imports Reforms are expected to be made to simplify reporting requirements and improve HMRC services. Further reforms to streamline processes and improve the taxpayer experience are expected to be announced in Spring 2026. The customs duty relief for low value imports (£135 or less) is being removed from March 2029 at the latest. How these goods are declared into the UK is also being changed from the same date meaning new import arrangements will apply. The Government will consult on the technical detail of these new arrangements and is stressing that it is not alone in taking this approach to low value imports, with its international partners, taking similar steps, including the US and the EU. Corporation tax The new service to provide major investment projects with advance tax certainty which was committed to in the Corporate Tax Roadmap published in October 2024 will be launched in July 2026. The penalties for taxpayers submitting a corporation tax return late will be doubled from 1 April 2026 and £59 million is also to be invested in new technology over the next five years to provide taxpayers with real-time digital prompts for VAT filing software from April 2027, and Corporation Tax filing software from April 2028. The Government will also consult in early 2026 on delivery timescales and enforcement for prescribing the content and tagging of the corporation tax computation. A consultation will also be published in early 2026 to explore introducing new requirements to report transactions between close companies and their shareholders to HMRC. The Government will also pilot a targeted R&D tax relief advance assurance service from Spring 2026 to enable small and medium-sized enterprises to gain clarity on key aspects of their R&D tax relief claims before submission to HMRC. A summary of responses to the advance clearance consultation was also published. The following was also announced: The shadow advanced corporation tax rules will be repealed from 1 April 2026, The Government will legislate in Finance Bill 2025/26 to simplify administration in relation to reporting companies under the corporate interest restriction with most of the changes expected to take effect for periods ending on or after 31 March 2026, Finance Bill 2025/26 will contain legislation setting out the treatment for corporation tax purposes of intra-group payments made in return for surrendered various tax credits for research and development, audio-visual expenditure, and video games expenditure. This is effective for payments made on or after 26 November 2025, For Pillar Two, technical amendments to the multinational top-up tax and the domestic top-up tax will feature in Finance Bill 2025/26 to incorporate the latest published international updates and stakeholder feedback, Legislation in the Bill will provide for the payment of interest on amounts collected from taxpayers and now repayable following a successful challenge of a European Commission Decision on controlled foreign companies and the reversal of State aid recovery, and The Government will also work with industry stakeholders over the coming months to explore targeted legislative changes aimed at ensuring that the qualifying asset holding companies regime continues to operate effectively. Any legislative changes will be introduced in a future Finance Bill. Transfer pricing, permanent establishment and the diverted profits tax In-scope multinationals will be required to submit an international controlled transaction schedule which will report information annually on cross-border related party transactions. This measure is expected to take effect for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027. Technical consultation on its design will take place in Spring 2026. Finance Bill 2025-26 will also include legislation to simplify the taxation of related party transactions, non-resident companies trading in the UK, and profits diverted from the UK, for chargeable periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026.

Frozen thresholds, increased rates of income tax for property, savings, and dividend income, earlier self-assessment payments, reduced cash ISA thresholds, and national insurance contributions (NICs) for pensions salary sacrifice were the main announcements last week. More details on these and other relevant changes is set out below. Tax thresholds The continued freeze on various personal tax thresholds was confirmed. The income tax thresholds and the equivalent NICs thresholds for employees and self-employed individuals will stay at their current levels for a further three years until 5 April 2031. The inheritance tax (IHT) nil rate bands are also frozen for a further year to the same date. As a result, the £12,570 personal allowance which applies UK wide will remain at this level until April 2031. The additional rate threshold (which is also the threshold at which the higher rate band ends) will remain at £125,140 until the same date. The higher rate threshold for non-savings, dividend, and property income applies to taxpayers in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and for savings and dividend income it applies UK wide. On the IHT front, the £325,000 nil rate band and £175,000 residence nil rate band are already fixed until April 2030 and will now remain frozen until April 2031. It was also announced that the combined (and now transferable) allowance for the 100 percent rate of agricultural property relief and business property relief will also be fixed at £1 million until April 2031. The NICs primary threshold and lower profits limit will stay at £12,570 from April 2028 until April 2031. The NICs upper earnings limit and upper profits limit will also be maintained at £50,270 from April 2028 to April 2031. The lower earnings limit and the small profits threshold will increase from 2026/27 to £6,708 and £7,105 respectively. For those paying voluntarily, Class 2 and Class 3 NICs will increase to £3.65 per week and £18.40 per week respectively from 2026/27. From 6 April 2026, access to paying voluntary Class 2 NICs will be removed for those who are abroad and ‘the initial residency or the contributions requirement to pay voluntary NICs outside of the UK will increase to 10 years’. A wider review of voluntary NICs via a call for evidence will be launched in early 2026. Ordering of reliefs and allowances The Budget Red Book also confirmed that the income tax rules will be changed so that reliefs and allowances deductible at steps 2 and 3 of the income tax calculation will only be applied to property, savings and dividend income after they have been applied to other sources of income. This will take effect from 6 April 2027 and is linked to the increased rates of income tax applicable to these types of income. NICs on salary sacrifice pension contributions For pension contributions above £2,000 per annum made via salary sacrifice, employer and employee NICs will both be payable from 6 April 2029. More details on this are available in guidance published by HM Treasury. This is another change which will disincentivise saving for retirement and reduce the attractiveness of employer contributions. Property, savings, and dividend income From 6 April 2026, the basic rate of tax for dividend income will increase from 8.75 percent to 10.75 percent, and the higher rate will increase from 33.75 percent to 35.75 percent. There will be no change to the dividend additional rate which will remain at 39.35 percent and the dividend tax credit for non-UK residents will be abolished from 6 April 2026. For both property income and savings income, a 2 percent increase to all rate bands will take effect from 6 April 2027.The property basic rate will be 22 percent, the higher rate will be 42 percent, and the additional rate will be 47 percent. The tax rates on savings income will also increase to these rates from 6 April 2027. The starting rate for savings will remain at its £5,000 threshold in 2026/27 until 5 April 2031. These increases are likely to act as a disincentive to investment, and for property income will most likely be passed on by landlords to their tenants via higher rents. It was also confirmed that the changes to property income rates will apply in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Government therefore will engage with the devolved Governments of Scotland and Wales to provide them with the ability to set property income tax rates in line with the current income tax powers in each of their fiscal frameworks. Earlier self-assessment payments From April 2029, self-assessment (SA) taxpayers with PAYE income will be required to pay more of their SA liability in-year via PAYE. The Government will publish a consultation in early 2026 on delivering this change, and also on ‘timelier tax payment’ for those with only SA income. This change comes as a surprise given discussions in the last few years in the context of Making Tax Digital that the Government was not seeking to target earlier payments of SA tax. Individual savings accounts (ISAs) From 6 April 2027 the annual ISA cash limit will be reduced from £20,000 to £12,000. Annual subscription limits will remain at £20,000 for ISAs, £4,000 for Lifetime ISAs and £9,000 for Junior ISAs and Child Trust Funds until 5 April 2031. Savers over the age of 65 will continue to be able to save up to £20,000 in a cash ISA each year. Image rights payments From 6 April 2027 all image rights payments related to an employment will be treated as taxable employment income and subject to income tax, and employer and employee NICs, a move which is viewed as targeting the UK’s sporting sector. Capital gains tax (CGT): incorporation relief claims process and employee ownership trusts From 6 April 2026 Section 162 TCGA 1992 incorporation relief for capital gains tax (CGT) which is available for transfers of a business to a company will no longer apply automatically where its conditions are met, therefore a new claims process will be introduced for this relief. From 26 November 2025 the CGT relief available on qualifying disposals to Employee Ownership Trusts was reduced from 100 percent of the gain to 50 percent. Miscellaneous increased thresholds The married couples allowance, blind persons allowance and qualifying care relief (the amount of income tax relief available to foster carers and shared lives carers) will all increase by 3.8 percent from 6 April 2026. Loan charge review outcome and new settlement opportunity In response to Ray McCann’s independent review of the loan charge and the Government’s subsequent response to this, both of which were published alongside the Budget, the Government published details in a policy paper of a new settlement opportunity to bring this issue to a close for taxpayers. Employment expenses for homeworking and cancelled shifts Income tax relief for non-reimbursed home working expenses will be removed for employees from 6 April 2026. However, employers will still be able to reimburse employees for these costs, where eligible, without having to deduct PAYE. Legislation will also be introduced to ensure that payments introduced by Section 27BP of the Employment Rights Act 1996 for shifts cancelled, moved, or curtailed at short notice will be treated as earnings from 6 April 2026. IHT: treatment of unused pension funds/death benefits and anti-avoidance As announced at Autumn Budget 2024, the Government will bring most unused pension funds and death benefits into the scope of UK IHT from 6 April 2027. However, personal representatives will be able to direct pension scheme administrators to withhold 50 percent of taxable benefits for up to 15 months and pay the IHT due in certain circumstances. After they have received clearance from HMRC, personal representatives will also be discharged from the liability to pay IHT on pensions discovered. According to the Budget Red book, the Government will legislate to prevent IHT avoidance through certain loopholes, ‘including ensuring UK agricultural property held via non-UK entities is treated as UK-situated addressing changes in status of trust assets before and exit charge, and restricting charity exemptions to direct gifts to UK charities and clubs’. These changes, which are yet to be legislated for, took effect for trust exit charges from 26 November 2025, for gifts to charities in lifetime from 26 November 2025 or on a death from 6 April 2026, and for UK agricultural property from 6 April 2026. A cap of £5 million will also be introduced on relevant property trust charges for pre 30 October 2024 excluded property trusts. This change applies retrospectively to trust charges from 6 April 2025. Residence-based tax regime The Government also says that it will publish legislation to make minor corrections to the residence-based tax regime which took effect from 6 April 2025 for income tax, CGT and IHT. Temporary non-residence anti-avoidance Legislation will apply from 6 April 2026 to remove the post departure trade profits provisions from this legislation which will mean that all dividends received during a period of temporary non-residence will be chargeable to UK tax. Overseas workday relief The proportion of earnings an employer can exclude from PAYE through a PAYE notification will be limited to a maximum 30 percent if the individual is a qualifying new resident and eligible for overseas workday relief. This will take effect from 6 April 2026. Defined benefit (DB) pension scheme surplus payments From April 2027 the government will enable ‘well-funded’ DB pension schemes to pay surplus funds directly to scheme members over the normal minimum pension age, where scheme rules and trustees permit it.

Last week’s Autumn Budget, the second for Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves, featured tax rises of £26 billion and are being used to finance additional spending and provide more fiscal headroom of almost £22 billion, up from £9.9 billion after last year’s Budget. You can read the Institute’s initial reaction to the Budget here, see coverage of our comments across the media later in this newsletter, and visit our UK Budget 2025 page for useful links, all UK Autumn Budget 2025 news stories and useful guidance. Last week a Special Budget Newsletter issued to members on the day covering our reaction and key announcements. In depth coverage of the 2025 UK Autumn Budget features later in this newsletter and in next Monday’s edition of Chartered Accountants Tax News. The Institute will be discussing the Budget in the coming weeks with HMRC and local Government. Last Wednesday the Chancellor confirmed that the April 2026 changes to agricultural property relief and business property relief for inheritance tax are proceeding; the only mitigation announced is that the £1 million allowance will be transferable between spouses and civil partners. Whilst this is welcome and was amongst a range of recommendations made by the Institute in previous submissions to Government on this issue, it does not go far enough to protect genuine farming activity and older farmers, particularly in Northern Ireland. The Institute continues to call for a special derogation from these changes for the region given the importance of our agricultural and family owned business sectors. Our Budget 2025 analysis this week and next is based on the publications of HMRC and HM Treasury. The Budget 2025 Overview of Tax Legislation and Rates has also been published and HMRC has sent a detailed update by email. The Chancellor’s Budget Resolutions were subsequently introduced to Parliament on the afternoon of the Budget. These are expected to be followed later this week with the publication of the draft Finance Bill. A date is yet to be set for first reading of this Bill in the House of Commons, which will be known as Finance No. 2 Bill. The Treasury Select Committee has also announced a series of evidence sessions to scrutinise the Budget.

 Whether you’re applying for a new role in practice, industry, or financial services, your CV is your professional handshake and your sales document to get you in the door and to create an opportunity for you to speak to a prospective employer. It’s often the first impression you make with employers, recruiters and HR professionals. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools can be powerful allies in refining and tailoring your CV—but only if used wisely. For members of Chartered Accountants Ireland, the challenge is to harness AI for efficiency while maintaining authenticity, accuracy, and professional integrity. ✅ DO: Use AI to polish structure and language : Streamline formatting for clarity and consistency - Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) are widely used by employers and recruitment firms. AI can help ensure your CV is clean, consistent, and easy to review, reducing the risk of being overlooked. Instruct the AI to reformat your CV to be more palatable to an ATS. Refine bullet points to highlight achievements and value-add - Instead of listing duties and responsibilities, use AI to sharpen your phrasing around measurable outcomes. For example: “Delivered audit efficiencies resulting in a 15% reduction in fieldwork hours.” “Implemented ERP system migration across three subsidiaries, improving reporting accuracy.” Ask the AI to suggest and enhance these elements in your cv. Tailor your CV to each role - AI will help you align your CV with keywords in job specifications. Tip:  Feed the job spec to the AI and then and ask it to align your CV with the required skills and competencies in the role. If you are pivoting into a different area of career direction AI tools can reposition the terms and grammar in your CV to be more pointed and bring your transferrable soft skills to the fore.   ✅ DO: Let AI help with tone and grammar : Ensure professional, confident language AI can eliminate passive phrasing and sharpen your tone so that your CV reads as achievement-focused rather than task-oriented. Instruct it on latter iterations to ‘sharpen the tone and make the terminology more achievement focused’. Highlight quantifiable results: Employers value tangible outcomes. AI can help you reframe statements to emphasise your measurable impact: “I reduced monthly reporting cycle by 30%.” “I led the €5M budget planning process across multiple jurisdictions.” ✅ DO: Use AI for brainstorming: Generate strong action verbs - AI can suggest impactful verbs such as streamlined, negotiated, implemented, advised, or optimised—helping you avoid repetition. Identify transferable skills - Particularly useful if you’re pivoting from practice to industry or vice versa. AI can help you surface skills such as stakeholder management, regulatory compliance, or systems implementation that may not be obvious at first glance. ❌ DON’T: Fabricate Qualifications or Experience Avoid inflated claims - AI tools may suggest impressive-sounding credentials or roles. Do not overinflate your actual experience or core skills and expertise.  Misrepresentation can damage your personal brand and career prospects. Always carefully review the revised CV and check your level of comfort with it. ❌ DON’T: Submit Without Personal Review Guard against generic output - AI-generated CVs can sometimes sound formulaic or misaligned with what an employer expects to see in a CV. Proofread, personalise and put your own stamp on it which may mean small rewrites in sections. Include specific context - Employers value detail such as: Client sectors (e.g., construction, agri-food, financial services). Company names where acceptable. Employer revenue and employee numbers to give scale context. Eg - Software proficiencies (Sage, Xero, SAP, Oracle). Eg - Regulatory experience (Irish GAAP, IFRS, FRS 102, Central Bank reporting). Size and scale of current company eg- Number of employees in the company. Number of people you directly manage. Detail re the turnover level of the company for context. ❌ DON’T: Overuse Buzzwords Substance over style Phrases like “dynamic leader” or “results-driven” are acceptable only when backed by evidence. Employers prefer concrete achievements over vague descriptors. Let your outcomes speak for themselves - Replace generic claims with specifics: Instead of “innovative thinker,” write “developed a tax planning strategy that reduced liabilities by €200K.” ⚖️ Final Thoughts AI is a powerful tool for members seeking to sharpen their CVs. It can enhance clarity, structure, and relevance, but it is not a substitute for authenticity! Your CV should reflect your unique career journey, values, and professional integrity. Make sure your personality and ambitions shine through in the document. Think of AI as your assistant, not your author. Use it to polish, but ensure the final document is unmistakably yours. If you’d like tailored support for your CV or career progression, reach out to your Chartered Accountants Ireland Careers Team—we can provide personalised guidance aligned customised to your individual situation.

Wednesday’s UK Autumn Budget and the second for Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves, as predicted, featured tax rises, £26 billion in total to be exact (down slightly from £32 billion in the 2024 Autumn Budget). These are mostly financing additional spending and providing additional fiscal headroom. According to the Chancellor, the Budget will build ‘fiscal headroom’ of almost £22 billion, up from £9.9 billion after last year’s Budget. The rises come on the back of the Office for Budget Responsibility’s downgraded productivity forecast, which had been published online early by mistake and saw Parliamentarians poring over the document on their phones as they sat in the House of Commons chamber before the Chancellor stood up to speak. Disappointingly, the only mitigation that has been announced to the controversial changes to agricultural property relief and business property relief which take effect from next April is that the £1 million allowance will be transferable between spouses and civil partners. However this was amongst our recommendations on this issue made here, here and most recently in our evidence submission to the House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee inquiry into draft Finance Bill 2025/26. This, and a range of other mitigations, were also highlighted by the Institute’s UK Tax Manager, Leontia Doran, in last month’s oral evidence session to that Committee. Whilst this is a welcome mitigation, it does not go far enough to ensure that the changes are targeted at wealthier farms and businesses. Further, there have been no transitional measures announced to protect older farmers in particular. The Institute will continue to call for a special derogation from these changes for Northern Ireland. You can read our full reaction to the Budget in our Press Release and visit our UK Autumn Budget 2025 page here. Buried in the Budget publications was the news that in 2026/27 there will be no late submission penalties for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax quarterly updates. The Institute has been continually calling for the Government to announce a soft landing for MTD and did so as recently as last month in our Pre-Budget submission and in a letter in September to HMRC’s new CEO. Also hidden on page 110 of the Budget Red Book was the news that the Government will not regulate tax advisers. Instead it “will work in partnership with the sector to raise standards in the tax advice market”. What this precisely means is not yet clear, however this a welcome confirmation that our members are not facing dual regulation which we recommended in our response to the consultation ‘Raising standards in the tax advice market – strengthening the regulatory framework and improving registration’ in 2024. On the personal taxes side, several thresholds will continue to be frozen until 5 April 2031, and, commencing from April 2026, there will be an increase to the income tax rates for dividends of 2 percent for both the basic and higher rate, followed by a 2 percent increase for all rate bands for property and savings income from April 2027. This will apply in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. On the business front, e-invoicing will be mandatory for business from April 2029. There are also proposals to require income tax Self-Assessment taxpayers with PAYE income to pay more of their tax liability in-year via PAYE from April 2029. The Northern Ireland Executive will receive an additional £240 million resource funding and £130 million capital funding through the operation of the Barnett formula. The Government also announced the proposed sector, geography, and co-investment for the Northern Ireland Enhanced Investment Zone. And to boost trade between Northern Ireland and Great Britain, £16.55 million will be provided over three years from 2026/27 to “create a ‘one stop shop’ support service that will help businesses navigate the Windsor Framework, unlock opportunities for trading across the UK internal market, and enable businesses based in Northern Ireland to take advantage of their access to UK and EU markets”. The Institute will continue its campaign for a lower rate of corporation tax for Northern Ireland and last week wrote to the Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury ahead of the Budget on this issue. The publications of HMRC and HM Treasury set out the Budget in full detail. More detail on the key tax announcements will feature in next Monday’s edition of Chartered Accountants Tax News.

Today’s Autumn Budget and the second for Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves, as predicted, featured tax rises, £26 billion in total to be exact (down slightly from £32 billion in the last Budget), which appear to be mostly financing additional spending and providing additional fiscal headroom. According to the Chancellor, the Budget will build ‘fiscal headroom’ of almost £22 billion, up from £9.9 billion after last year’s Budget. The rises come on the back of the Office for Budget Responsibility’s downgraded productivity forecast, which had been published online early by mistake and saw Parliamentarians poring over the document on their phones as they sat in the House of Commons chamber before the Chancellor stood up to speak. Disappointingly, the only mitigation that has been announced to the controversial changes to agricultural property relief and business property relief is that the £1 million allowance will be transferable between spouses and civil partners, albeit that this was among our recommendations on this issue made here, here and most recently in our evidence submission to the House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee inquiry into draft Finance Bill 2025/26. This, and a range of other mitigations, were also highlighted by the Institute’s UK Tax Manager, Leontia Doran, in last month’s oral evidence session to that Committee. Whilst this is a welcome mitigation, it does not go far enough to ensure the changes are targeted at wealthier farms and businesses. Further, there have been none transitional measures announced to protect older farmers in particular. The Institute will continue to call for a special derogation from these changes for Northern Ireland. You can read our full reaction to the Budget in our Press Release. Buried in the Budget publications was also the news that in 2026/27 there will be no late submission penalties for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax quarterly updates. The Institute has been continually calling for the Government to announce a soft landing for MTD and did so as recently as last month in our Pre-Budget submission and in a letter in September to HMRC’s new CEO. Also hidden on page 110 of the Budget Red Book was the news that the Government will not regulate tax advisers. What this precisely means is not yet clear, however this a welcome confirmation that our members are not facing dual regulation which we recommended in our response to the consultation ‘Raising standards in the tax advice market – strengthening the regulatory framework and improving registration’ in 2024. On the personal taxes side, several thresholds will continue to be frozen until 5 April 2031, and, commencing from April 2026, there will be an increase to the income tax rates for dividends of 2 percent for both the basic and higher rate, followed by a 2 percent increase for all rate bands for property and savings income from April 2027. This will apply in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. On the business front, e-invoicing will be mandatory for business from April 2029. There are also proposals to require income tax Self-Assessment taxpayers with PAYE income to pay more of their tax liability in-year via PAYE from April 2029. The Northern Ireland Executive will receive an additional £240 million resource funding and £130 million capital funding through the operation of the Barnett formula. The Government also announced the proposed sector, geography, and co-investment for the Northern Ireland Enhanced Investment Zone. And to boost trade between Northern Ireland and Great Britain, £16.55 million will be provided over three years from 2026/27 to “create a ‘one stop shop’ support service that will help businesses navigate the Windsor Framework, unlock opportunities for trading across the UK internal market, and enable businesses based in Northern Ireland to take advantage of their access to UK and EU markets”. The Institute will continue its campaign for a lower rate of corporation tax for Northern Ireland and last week wrote to the Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury ahead of the Budget on this issue. The analysis herein is based on the publications of HMRC and HM Treasury. More detail on the key tax announcements features in the remainder of this newsletter and will continue in next Monday’s edition of Chartered Accountants Tax News.

It was again confirmed that there will not be any increases in the basic, higher, or additional thresholds for income tax, or the rates of employee National Insurance Contributions (NICs). However, the freeze on certain personal tax thresholds will now continue to 2031 and the rates of income tax will increase by 2 percent for property, savings, and dividend income, commencing for dividend income received from April 2026. The deep freeze continues…. The expected continued freeze on personal tax thresholds was confirmed. The income tax thresholds and the equivalent NICs thresholds for employees and self-employed individuals will stay at their current levels for a further three years until 5 April 2031. The inheritance tax nil rate bands are also frozen for a further year to the same date. The £5,000 secondary NICs threshold for employers will also be frozen until 5 April 2031 after dropping from £9,100 from 6 April 2025. Property, savings, and dividend income From 6 April 2026, the basic rate of tax for dividend income will increase from 8.75 percent to 10.75 percent, and the higher rate will increase from 33.75 percent to 35.75 percent. There will be no change to the dividend additional rate which will remain at 39.35 percent. For both property income and savings income, the 2 percent increases will take effect from 6 April 2027.The property basic rate will be 22 percent, the higher rate will be 42 percent, and the additional rate will be 47 percent. The tax rates on savings income will also increase by 2 percent points across all bands from 6 April 2027. These increases are likely to act as a disincentive to investment, and for property income will most likely be passed on by landlords to their tenants via higher rents. Earlier self-assessment payments From April 2029, Self-Assessment (SA) taxpayers with PAYE income will be required to pay more of their SA liability in-year via PAYE. The Government will publish a consultation in early 2026 on delivering this change, and also on timelier tax payment for those with only SA income. This changes comes as a surprise given discussions in the last few years in the context of Making Tax Digital that the Government was not seeking to target earlier payments of SA tax.

A soft landing for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for income tax, no changes to corporation tax rates, e-invoicing from 2029, more timely payments of VAT and PAYE, and a pensions salary sacrifice cap were the main features with some minor changes to capital allowances. MTD for income tax As lobbied for by the Institute, the Government announced a soft landing for MTD for income tax. Late submission penalties for quarterly updates will not apply during the 2026/27 tax year. However, from 6 April 2027 the new penalty regime will apply for late submission and late payments for all taxpayers. The penalties due for late payment of income tax self-assessment and VAT will increase from 1 April 2027. These changes will be legislated for via secondary legislation. E-invoicing from 2029 From April 2029, all VAT invoices will need to be issued in a specified electronic format. The Government will work with stakeholders to develop an implementation roadmap to be published at Budget 2026. The decision to mandate from April 2029 follows the announcement on e-invoicing in Ireland’s most recent Budget when, on 8 October 2025 after Minister Donohoe’s Budget Speech announcement, Revenue’s paper “Implementation of eInvoicing in Ireland” was published. VAT and PAYE A consultation will be published in early 2026 to consider ways that VAT and PAYE liabilities can be paid promptly without the taxpayer falling behind on payments, including requiring more tax payments by direct debit. Pensions salary sacrifice cap From 6 April 2029, both employer and employee NICs will apply on pension contributions above £2,000 per annum made via salary sacrifice. These changes will be legislated for through primary and secondary legislation which will be introduced in due course. At present, what exactly will be classed as salary sacrifice requires clarification. However again, this is another change which will disincentivise saving for retirement and reduce the attractiveness of employer contributions. Capital allowances From April 2026, the rate of writing down allowances in the main pool will be reduced from 18 percent to 14 percent. However, from 1 January 2026 a new first-year allowance (FYA) of 40 percent will be available for main‑rate assets. Cars, second-hand assets and assets for leasing overseas will not be eligible. The benefit this new FYA will have remains to be seen given that 100 relief is already available for all main pool expenditure via the annual investment allowance limit of £1 million and with unlimited 100 percent relief available for new main pool expenditure via full expensing.    

Chartered Accountants Ireland has reiterated its concerns about the proposed changes to agricultural property relief (APR) and business property relief (BPR), due to come into effect in April 2026, and the disproportionate impact these changes will have on Northern Ireland. The largest professional body on the island of Ireland that represents over 5,500 members in Northern Ireland has advocated extensively for a specific carve out from the rules to be included in the draft legislation to protect Northern Ireland’s economy. UK Tax Manager with Chartered Accountants Ireland, Leontia Doran said  “The proposed changes are already having massive ripple effects across the UK economy, but most notably for the farming community. These changes are disappointing and particularly damaging in Northern Ireland where family-owned businesses and farms are the heartbeat of the economy. 84% of businesses here are either family owned or managed, and they support over 325,000 jobs.  “A carve-out is needed to exempt genuine farming activity and protect family-owned businesses in NI. The Government could have included a threshold which would have continued to provide smaller farms and businesses with 100% relief if their farming and/or business assets comprise a minimum proportion of their overall estate. It is also disappointing to see that no transitional measures have been announced to protect older taxpayers. The announcement that any unused allowance will be transferable between spouses is welcome. This is the minimum that could have been done to remove the legislation’s cliff edge effect for smaller farms and businesses. More is needed to support genuine farming activity and family-owned businesses here in NI.” Personal tax thresholds The Chancellor has confirmed that the income tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) thresholds will remain frozen at their current level until 2031. Doran noted “The continuing freeze on personal tax thresholds is having an ever-increasing effect on people’s net after tax income and is expected to bring many more taxpayers into the higher rate tax bracket by 2030/31, a phenomenon known as "fiscal drag". This is likely to have a strong disincentive effect on decisions to take on extra work and will reduce household spending power. Coupled with the changes to employers’ NICs from April 2025, this is likely to lead to a more stagnant labour market, damaging productivity further.  “Policy measures are seriously needed to drive Northern Ireland’s productivity, the profitability of its businesses, and by extension boost both corporation and income tax takes so that we can make this a thriving place to live and work for all our citizens.” Northern Ireland Corporation Tax To unlock the economic potential of the region and its dual market access, and drive FDI, the Institute has been engaged in a campaign for a reduced rate of corporation tax which is more closely aligned with the rate across the rest of the island.    Leontia Doran concluded “At a time when the Government has been grappling with how to grow the economy, it might initially appear counter-intuitive to seek a reduction in the corporation tax rate in Northern Ireland. However, a reduction in this rate would in the longer run ultimately increase tax take by driving the creation of better jobs and incentivising business growth.  “Add to this higher value FDI and the gains for Northern Ireland would set a real benchmark for what can be achieved with ambitious tax policies. This is something our members want and which we will continue to advocate for in 2026.”  

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in recruitment processes to modernise candidate screening, assess skills, and predict job fit. AI-driven interviews can include automated video assessments, chatbot interactions, and algorithm-based scoring. Preparing for such interviews requires understanding the technology, adapting communication strategies, and ensuring compliance with best practices. Understand AI in recruitment AI tools in interviews typically perform: Video analysis: evaluates facial expressions, tone, and speech patterns. Natural Language Processing (NLP): assesses word choice, clarity, and relevance. Skill testing: automated coding challenges or scenario-based questions. Predictive analytics: matches candidate profiles to job requirements. Tip: research the specific AI platform used by the employer. Prepare for video-based AI interviews Technical setup: Ensure a stable internet connection. Use a high-quality webcam and microphone. Test lighting and background for clarity. Presentation: Dress professionally. Maintain eye contact with the camera. Speak clearly and at a moderate pace. Practice: Record yourself answering common questions. Use AI-based mock interview tools to simulate the experience. Optimize communication for AI Structured responses: Use the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result) for behavioural questions. Keyword alignment: Incorporate relevant industry and role-specific keywords. Avoid ambiguity: AI systems favour clear, concise answers over vague statements. Demonstrate emotional intelligence While AI may analyse tone and sentiment, authenticity matters: Show enthusiasm without exaggeration. Maintain a calm and confident disposition. Prepare for gamified or cognitive assessments Some AI-driven processes include: Problem-solving games. Personality assessments. Tip: practice logic puzzles and familiarise yourself with game-based assessments. Address bias and fairness Be aware that AI systems can have biases. If concerned, ask the recruiter about fairness measures and appeal processes. Post-interview follow-up Send a thank-you email to the recruiter. Reiterate interest and highlight key strengths. Conclusion AI-enhanced interviews require both traditional preparation and technical awareness. By understanding the tools, practicing structured responses, and ensuring a professional setup, candidates can maximize their chances of success.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer a science fiction, it’s a present-day reality redesigning recruitment practices across a variety of industries. One of the most significant areas of transformation is the job interview process. From initial screening to final interviews, AI is influencing how candidates are assessed and how employers make decisions. But what does this mean for hiring practices, candidate experience, and fairness? Let’s explore. AI-powered screening and scheduling Recruitment teams would traditionally spend hours reviewing resumes and coordinating interview schedules. AI tools now automate these tasks, using algorithms to: Scan resumes for keywords and skills aligned with job descriptions. Rank candidates based on experience and qualifications. Schedule interviews through integrated calendar systems. This efficiency reduces time-to-hire and frees recruiters to focus on strategic decisions. However, it also raises questions about whether keyword-based filtering overlooks unconventional but qualified candidates. This is one of the reasons why tailoring your CV prior to job applications is more important than ever. Video interview analysis AI-driven platforms are now recording interviews using machine learning. These systems assess: Tone and sentiment to gauge enthusiasm. Speech patterns for clarity, confidence, and pacing. Facial expressions and micro-gestures to infer engagement. While these understandings can help identify strong verbal communicators, critics argue that such analysis may disadvantage neurodiverse candidates or those from cultures with different communication norms. Also another potential pool of disadvantaged candidates are those who are speaking in their non-native language. Chatbots and pre-interview engagement AI chatbots are increasingly used to: Answer candidate FAQs prior to the interview taking place. Provide interview preparation tips. Conduct preliminary Q&A sessions. This creates a more responsive candidate experience and reduces recruiter workload. However, candidates often wonder whether they’re interacting with a human or a bot, which can affect trust, as many of us have experienced in when dealing with customer services chatbots. Bias reduction—or amplification One of AI’s core promises is reducing human bias by focusing on objective data. Yet, algorithms trained on historical hiring data can perpetuate existing biases, as those algorithms are developed and based on human process. For example: If past hires favoured certain demographics, AI may replicate that pattern. Language models might misinterpret dialects or accents as mentioned when discussing the AI screening process. To mitigate this, companies must implement ethical AI practices, including: Regular audits for bias. Transparent criteria for decision-making. Diverse training datasets. However, as it has been shown these types of audits can be difficult to conduct, as a company may not be willing to face that it has inherited biases. Candidate perception and trust Many candidates experience discomfort when they know an algorithm or AI system is evaluating them. This unease often stems from a few key concerns: Lack of transparency Candidates may not understand how the system works, what criteria it uses, or whether it’s fair. This uncertainty can feel intimidating. Fear of bias People worry that automated systems might reinforce biases or overlook qualities that a human interviewer would appreciate, such as personality or cultural fit. Loss of human connection Interviews are traditionally relational. When technology replaces or mediates that interaction, candidates can feel depersonalized. Perceived inflexibility Machines are seen as rigid—unable to interpret nuance, humour, or creativity the way humans can. The future of interviews AI will continue to evolve, integrating with: Virtual Reality (VR) for immersive job simulations. Gamified assessments to measure problem-solving and creativity. Predictive analytics to forecast long-term performance. Despite these advances, human reasoning remains essential for evaluating cultural fit, emotional intelligence, and nuanced communication, qualities that algorithms struggle to measure accurately. Key takeaways AI enhances efficiency but must be implemented ethically. Transparency and fairness are vital to maintain candidate trust. Human oversight will remain indispensable in final hiring decisions. AI cannot: Research the role and the organisation as effectively as you can. AI may provide information that is inaccurate or unrelated. You must research thoroughly yourself. If AI does offer information, be critical of this, can you check this is up to date? Provide personalised, informed feedback. AI output may be based on out-of-date information, it is often generic, and it can’t reflect on how your personal employability aligns with the role. Be aware that employers can use AI to see what information it generates about them. It is important that you do not directly copy material that AI produces. Implement your own insights. Final thought AI is not replacing interviews—it’s redefining them. Organisations that balance technological efficiency with human empathy will lead the way in creating fair, inclusive, and effective hiring processes.

In November 2025, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), published findings from a 2025 FCA multi-firm review focusing on business-wide risk assessment and customer risk assessment processes. The FCA fed back its findings on firms identifying, understanding and assessing risk, mitigating risk and managing risk. The findings highlight good and poor practice to help firms reflect on how they are meeting the existing risk assessment requirements. While firms involved in this review are part of FCA regulated population such as building societies, e-money payments firms and wealth management firms, there are general learnings which can be taken from the findings. This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in these pages purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the pages. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of these pages, we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained in these pages.      

On Wednesday at 12:30pm Chancellor Rachel Reeves will deliver her second Budget with much speculation that tax rises and Government department spending cuts will feature for the second time. But will the Chancellor break the Government’s manifesto pledge? In just two days’ time we will know all the details. After last year’s Budget the Chancellor had £9 billion "headroom" in case of tougher times, which certainly have come to pass since President Trump took up office in January. On Wednesday the Institute will be analysing and reacting to the Budget with full analysis to follow in next Monday’s Chartered Accountants Tax News. The Institute’s Pre-Budget submission is also available to read. Ahead of the Budget: HM Treasury published the transcript of what is referred to as a scene setter speech delivered by the Chancellor earlier this month, The House of Commons Library published an economic insight article about how slow economic growth could impact the Chancellor’s Budget decisions, The Federation of Small Businesses is urging the Government to ease cost pressures and back entrepreneurship at the Budget, The House of Commons Treasury Committee published details of an evidence session examining the issues facing the Chancellor ahead of the Budget, and The House of Lords recently debated the impact of government economic and taxation policies on jobs, growth, and prosperity, and As part of its inquiry into the draft Finance Bill Clauses, the House of Lords Economic Affairs Finance Bill Sub-Committee held further evidence sessions on 27 October, 3 November and 10 November after the Institute’s UK Tax Manager, Leontia Doran, delivered oral evidence on the changes to agricultural property relief and business property relief to the Committee on 20 October. Ahead of the Scottish Budget which will take place on the later date of 13 January 2026, the Scottish Parliament has published the Finance and Public Administration Committee’s report on pre-budget 2026/27 scrutiny. Revenue Scotland has also published a summary of a round table event held with the Centre for Public Policy to discuss devolution of tax in Scotland. The round table, which is part of a series of events in a year-long celebration to mark Revenue Scotland’s tenth anniversary took place after the Scottish Tax Conference in September. In Wales, the draft 2026/27 Budget was published in October and the detailed draft Budget was published earlier this month, with the final Budget expected to be published on 20 January 2026.  

Last month HMRC confirmed that its new research and development (R&D) expert advisory panel has been established with the appointment of six independent industry specialists. HMRC has also recently published a new tool that can be used to check if a company has undertaken qualifying R&D before a claim for R&D tax relief is made. The new advisory panel is known as the RDEAP and its aim is to provide sectoral insight and guidance to support the administration of R&D tax reliefs. It meets quarterly and will contribute to HMRC communications, guidance, and the strategic understanding of innovation across sectors. The Chair and Secretariat of the RDEAP are from HMRC’s Corporation Tax Innovation and Growth team. Other HMRC representatives, and representatives from other government departments may be invited to the RDEAP meetings by invitation. The RDEAP is advisory only so does not have decision-making authority, though it may make recommendations to existing governance and decision-making bodies as appropriate. The newly published R&D tool takes users though a number of the key tests which define qualifying R&D for tax purposes. Explanations and links to further guidance are provided. According to HMRC, a competent professional will be needed to help answer some of the questions. Once all of the questions have been answered, HMRC says that the tool will give the user a clear indication of whether or not the project is qualifying R&D.   It is recommended that results are saved and a record is kept of the information used to answer each question to assist with making claims. In the event of a compliance check HMRC says that it is “unlikely to disagree” that a project involves R&D for tax purposes if the answers given when using the tool were “based on your project’s facts and you can clearly support and explain them”. We have also been advised that HMRC does not store or use any of information provided when using the tool.  

In this week’s detailed miscellaneous updates which you can read more about below, HMRC are holding a series of webinars for employers and direct recovery of debts has been restarted in a test and learn phase. A new online service is now available to pay the High Income Child Benefit charge via PAYE and HMRC has published a statement setting out the standards that it expects of intermediaries and the steps it will take to tackle the minority of them who cause harm to the UK tax system. In other news this week: The UK has ranked 32nd overall (and 37th on property taxes) out of the 38 OECD member countries in the 2025 International Tax Competitiveness Index, HMRC has published Revenue and Customs Brief 6 (2025): VAT deduction on insurance intermediary services supplied outside the UK, which sets out HMRC’s policy following the First Tier Tribunal decision in Hastings Insurance Service LTD [2025] UKFTT 275 (TC), The Institute for Fiscal Studies has published How are frozen tax thresholds reshaping who pays personal taxes? and Changes to departmental spending at the upcoming Budget, HMRC advises that a successful fix for the Class 2 National Insurance Contributions issue was deployed at the end of September. This is confirmed in the latest Agent Update, HMRC is holding a webinar on 2 December on Transfer of Assets Abroad, HMRCs approach to The Motive Defence,  The latest schedule of HMRC Talking Points live and recorded webinars for tax agents are available for booking. Spaces are limited, so take a look now and save your place, and Check HMRC’s online services availability page for details of planned downtime and the online services affected. Upcoming webinars for employers Whether you’re reimbursing employees using their own vehicles at approved mileage rates, providing company cars for business travel, or paying statutory maternity or paternity pay, HMRC’s live webinars have you covered. Questions can be asked during the live webinar by using the text box. The following live webinars are available to book: Company cars, vans and fuel, Statutory sick pay, Statutory maternity and paternity pay, and Travel. HMRC restarts direct recovery of debts If an individual or business has a tax debt which remains unpaid despite having the means to pay it, HMRC can recover the funds it is owed directly from the taxpayer’s bank or building society account. These powers, known as direct recovery of debt (DRD), first started in 2015 and were used sparingly before all DRD activity was paused during the COVID-19 pandemic. HMRC has published an updated briefing on DRD. After the announcement made in the 2025 Spring Statement 2025, HMRC recently confirmed that it has restarted DRD in a “test and learn phase”. According to HMRC, DRD was a strong deterrent and the decision to restart activity has been made against its backdrop of efforts to reduce tax debt. Pay the High Income Child Benefit charge (HICBC) online via PAYE HMRC recently launched its new online service for paying the HICBC through PAYE. This was previously announced at the Spring Statement 2025. In order to use the new service, taxpayers first need to de-register from income tax self-assessment which HMRC won’t do automatically. Once this is done, the taxpayer should be able to use the online HICBC PAYE service the next day. HMRC’s approach to intermediary harm HMRC has published a statement outlining the standards it expects of intermediaries (which includes accountants and financial advisers) and the steps it will take to address the minority of intermediaries who cause harm to the tax system. Intermediary is defined as an individual or business that sits between taxpayer and HMRC. The statement says that while most intermediaries provide valuable services, a minority can behave in ways that are harmful, such as misleading the public or using HMRC's rules improperly. In cases of harm, HMRC may take action such as blocking access to its services or criminal action where fraud is involved. Advice for taxpayers on how to choose an intermediary also features.

In this week’s cross-border trading corner, we bring you the latest guidance updates and publications. The most recent Trader Support Service bulletin is also available as is the latest Brexit and Beyond newsletter from the Northern Ireland Assembly EU Affairs team which takes an in-depth look at the House of Lords Northern Ireland Scrutiny Committee’s evidence session on veterinary medicines and the Windsor Framework. The minutes and slides from the 30 September 2025 meeting of HMRC’s Northern Ireland Joint Customs Consultation Committee which the Institute is represented on are available and HMRC has shared a recording of a recent webinar on ICS2 in addition to the FAQs used in the webinar. Miscellaneous guidance updates and publications This week’s miscellaneous guidance updates and publications are as follows: Data Element 2/3: Documents and Other Reference Codes (Union) of the Customs Declaration Service, CDS Declaration Completion Instructions for Imports, Report a problem using the Customs Declaration Service, Reference Documents for The Customs Tariff (Preferential Trade Arrangements) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, and Get customs data for import and export declarations.

The latest UK tax tidbits features updated guidance on registering for corporation tax and how to make a complaint about HMRC. Special tax rules on foreign travel (490: Chapter 7), Make a complaint about HMRC, Check genuine HMRC contact that uses more than one communication method, Register for Corporation Tax through a dependent agent permanent establishment, Register a non-resident company who disposed of UK property or land for Corporation Tax, Register an unincorporated association for Corporation Tax, Register an offshore property developer for Corporation Tax, Register a non-UK incorporated company for Corporation Tax if you're a UK resident, Find payroll software that is recognised by HMRC, Soft Drinks Industry Levy returns and records (notice 2), Submit your Soft Drinks Industry Levy return, Search the register of customs agents and express operators, Apply for Marriage Allowance by post, Check if an email you've received from HMRC is genuine, Check if a text message you've received from HMRC is genuine, Transfer of residence to the UK, Install Basic PAYE Tools onto a networked computer, Apply to register a pension scheme, Inheritance Tax account (IHT400), Completing your Company Tax Return, Multinational Top-up Tax and Domestic Top-up Tax, Make a qualifying asset holding company notification to HMRC, Request transfer of a VAT registration number, Check the list of businesses and sites registered for Aggregates LevyTop of Form, Employee circumstances that affect payment of Statutory Neonatal Care Pay, Tell an employee that they're not eligible for Statutory Neonatal Care Pay (NEO1), Elect a qualifying company for tax exemption on UK capital gains, Tell HMRC about who is dealing with the estate when someone dies, When National Insurance and PAYE is due on tips, gratuities and service charges (E24), Find payroll software that is recognised by HMRC, Double Taxation Treaty Passport Scheme register, Check genuine HMRC contact that uses more than one communication method, How to complete an Other Interest return, and Other Interest returns.

Welcome to the latest edition of Technical Roundup. In developments since the last edition, in its article entitled ‘DORA Review: Balancing Digital Resilience and simplification’, Accountancy Europe discusses the reasons why the Audit Directive, and not the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA), is the most appropriate framework to strengthen digital-resilience requirements for statutory auditors and audit firms.  The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) has launched a new checklist to help entities align their climate reporting using the GRI standards with the UN’s official approach to setting credible climate commitments, targets and transition plans. Read more on these and other developments that may be of interest to members below. Financial Reporting EFRAG, the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group, has published its October 2025 update. This report summarises the public technical discussions and decisions taken at EFRAG during the month. The comment period for responses to EFRAG’s draft Endorsement Advice for Amendments to IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures remains open until 28th November 2025. In its Annual Review of Corporate Governance Reporting, the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has highlighted some reporting trends and practices among 100 UK-listed companies against the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code. In its Thematic Review “Reporting by the UK’s smaller listed companies”, the FRC examines annual reports from 20 companies listed outside the FRSE 350. The Thematic Review aims to help companies improve their reporting quality in four key areas - Revenue recognition, Cash flow statements, Impairment of non-financial assets and financial instruments - which have historically identified room for improvement. The FRC has published the 2026 UK Taxonomy Suite which incorporates changes to the FRC Taxonomy Suite, Charities Taxonomy, and Irish Taxonomy. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has issued amendments to IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. These changes are intended to clarify how companies should translate financial statements from a non-hyperinflationary currency into a hyperinflationary one. The IASB has published recordings and presentations from its recent Research Forum. Auditing and Assurance The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has issued International Standard on Sustainability Assurance (UK) 5000, “General Requirements for Sustainability Assurance Engagements”, which provides UK companies, investors and assurance providers with a consistent, internationally aligned assurance standards for voluntary use in sustainability assurance engagements. The Law Society of Ireland has announced that its new online portal for Reporting Accountants to upload an annual or closing reporting accountant’s report for a Solicitor client on to the Law Society’s system is at an advanced stage and is nearly ready to launch. Sustainability The European Parliament has voted in favour of a simplification of the sustainability reporting requirements for European companies. Following the release of the Omnibus proposals in February, there has been much debate and discussion regarding the scope of companies who should be subject to the European Sustainability Reporting Standards, as well as the extent and rigour of these standards. Following these negotiations, the European Parliament has voted in favour of limits which will mean that only businesses with over 1,750 employees and annual turnover of €450 million will be subject to these rules. The CSDDD limits have also been increased to 5,000 employees and turnover of €1.5 billion. GRI, the Global Reporting Initiative, has criticised the simplification noting that the position adopted by the Parliament “is a backward step for the EU – and undermines European leadership on sustainability”. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) has launched a new checklist to help entities align their climate reporting using the GRI standards with the UN’s official approach to setting credible climate commitments, targets and transition plans. EFRAG is hosting a conference ‘EFRAG unveils Draft Simplified ESRS: A European Milestone for Sustainability Reporting’ on 4 December 2025.  The schedule includes presentations from expert teams, the launch of the ESRS Knowledge Hub and keynote speeches. The Irish Auditing and Accounting Supervisory Authority (IAASA), in collaboration with the Irish Accounting and Finance Association (IAFA), recently hosted a webinar on CSRD Reporting and Assurance. Accountancy Europe has published its November 2025 Sustainability Update. Accountancy Europe has responded to EFRAG’s VSME Market Acceptance survey. The European Banking Authority (EBA) announced the release of the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) declaration on the economic cost of climate inaction during the 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) in Belém, Brazil. The EBA is an active member of NGFS, which represents a group of central banks and supervisors sharing best practices and contributing to the development of environment and climate risk management in the financial sector. The declaration underscores the mounting macroeconomic and financial risks of delayed climate action and reaffirms the NGFS’s commitment to supporting a well-managed transition to a low-carbon economy. Please refer to following link for a copy of the declaration. Anti-money laundering On 9 December 2025 (09:00 - 12:00) Accountancy Europe is hosting an in-person event in Brussels titled “Beyond compliance – the human cost of money laundering to explore the real-life impacts and human cost of financial crime and discuss how cooperation across sectors can make a tangible difference. Speakers include the EU Commissioner Maria Luís Albuquerque. Readers who may wish to attend can click here for more details and to register. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) published findings from a review of risk assessment processes and controls in firms. The findings highlight good and poor practice to help firms reflect on how they are meeting the existing risk assessment requirements. Fraud Central Bank of Ireland issued a warning to consumers about the changing fraud landscape and also launched a campaign to help consumers avoid scams by highlighting how scammers' techniques are evolving including use of social media and digital channels for scams. Common scams now used by financial fraudsters include fake comparison websites, fraudulent recovery scheme scams, investment scams, and use of deepfakes. The CBI has published advice and information for consumers outlining what steps can be taken to verify that the individual or company they are dealing with is real and trustworthy before making any financial decisions or providing personal information.  FraudSMART (a fraud awareness initiative developed by Banking & Payments Federation Ireland (BPFI) in conjunction with member banks), issued a fresh warning to consumers to be on alert as highly convincing investment scams continue to rise, which use AI generated adverts. The Garda National Economic Crime Bureau noted a concerning 21% increase has been recorded in the three months up to October 2025. For pointers on how to avoid investment scams, FraudSMART has also published a 'Spotlight on Investment Scams information leaflet'. Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) The Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) published the second Financial Stability Review report for 2025 outlining that the main risks facing Ireland's financial system include stretched valuations in global markets and economic uncertainty. Gerry Cross, the CBI's Director for Capital Markets and Funds gave a keynote speech at the annual Retail Intermediaries Roadshow covering the evolving regulation of financial intermediaries, the importance of this sector for consumers, the outcomes that the Central Bank sees as important for this sector, and simplification and proportionality in regulation and supervision. Artificial Intelligence The European Commission has published a Proposal for regulation on simplification for AI rules, designed to simplify its digital regulatory framework, including the AI Act and data privacy rules. The ‘Digital Omnibus’ package introduces several measures, including delaying the stricter regulation of ‘high-risk’ AI applications until late 2027. On Wednesday, 19 November Minister of State for Trade Promotion, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation Niamh Smyth launched a public consultation on the new Responsible Business Compass, an online pilot tool designed to help Irish businesses understand and comply with sustainability-related EU Regulations and Directives.  The project is being developed by the OECD in cooperation with the European Commission. Cybersecurity The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) in the UK published an article regarding the NCSC's 'Cyber Action Toolkit, which can help small businesses to improve their cybersecurity framework. The NCSC's toolkit is available at the following link. The National Cyber Security Centre in Ireland issued an alert regarding a critical vulnerability impacting Fortinet's FortiWeb product. The NCSC strongly recommends installing updates for vulnerable systems with the highest priority, after thorough testing. Affected organisations should review the latest release notes and install the relevant updates from Fortinet. The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) announced its expanded role to support cybersecurity vulnerability management in the EU and new responsibilities that will occur under the European Cyber Resilience Act including the implementation of a single reporting platform for manufacturers to notify actively exploited vulnerabilities.  Companies Office - Busy Filing period We reiterate the advice of the Companies Registration office to file early, if at all possible. Please see latest news from the CRO outlining the issues being faced as the peak filing date of 25 November draws closer. Readers are also referred to our recently published tips and pointers for the busy Annual Return filing season which may help you navigate the process with the Companies Registration Office. Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) The European Supervisory Authorities (EBA, EIOPA, and ESMA - the ESAs) published the list of designated critical ICT third-party providers (CTPPs) under the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA). This designation marks a crucial step in the implementation of the DORA oversight framework. The list of designated critical ICT third-party providers subject to direct oversight and examination is included in this document. Under Article 58(3) of DORA, the European Commission (EC), after consulting the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) and the Committee of European Auditing Oversight Bodies (CEAOB), must, by 17 January 2026, assess whether DORA or the Audit Directive is the most appropriate framework to strengthen digital-resilience requirements for statutory auditors and audit firms.  Accountancy Europe’s recent article highlights the upcoming assessment process by the EC and outlines reasons why it would not make sense to expand DORA’s scope to include auditors. Other news The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has published a report to support signatories as they prepare to apply to the updated Stewardship Code which takes effect from 1 January 2026. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published the results of a peer review which found that the foundational frameworks for the supervision of depositaries are in place. The Pensions Authority has published its defined benefit scheme statistics for 2024 which statistics are compiled from the annual actuarial data returns submitted to the Authority. In other Pensions Authority news it has published information on the 2025 annual compliance statement  that is provided for under the Pensions Act. It has also extended the deadline for submissions to its public consultation on in-scheme drawdown. The closing date for submissions is now 20 January 2026. The Minister of State for Employment, Small Business and Retail, Alan Dillon, has announced a public consultation seeking the views of members of the public, employers and other interested parties on the right to request a remote working arrangement, provided for within the Work Life Balance and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 2023. For further technical information and updates please visit the Technical Hub on the Institute website.      This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in the information purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the information. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of the information we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained herein.

This week the Institute received formal correspondence from the Department of Social Protection (DSP) regarding My Future Fund. The letter, which members may have seen reported in media yesterday, emphasises that it is an offence to hinder employees from participating in My Future Fund. It clarifies that, despite recent reports, there has been no legal change requiring employers to enrol staff in occupational pension schemes to avoid automatic enrolment. The DSP has outlined that they understand that in some instances, employees are being compelled to join schemes with minimal employer contributions - often just 1% of salary – which falls short of the contributions required by My Future Fund. Such arrangements may deprive employees of meaningful pension benefits and could constitute an offence under Section 128 of the Auto Enrolment Retirement Savings System Act 2024 (AE Act). Any cases where employees are illegally obliged to join another pension scheme, preventing them from accessing My Future Fund will be fully investigated by DSP. Members are encouraged to familiarise themselves with these developments and ensure clients are fully informed. Background on Auto Enrolment/My Future Fund From 1 January 2026, the Automatic Enrolment Retirement Savings System – branded as My Future Fund - will come into effect. This initiative, legislated under the AE Act, is designed to provide employees who currently lack pension coverage with a secure and quality-assured way to save for retirement. Eligible employees - those aged over 23 and under 66, earning more than €5,000 in any 13-week period, and not already enrolled in a payroll-based pension scheme - will be automatically enrolled. The scheme will be operated and regulated by the newly established National Automatic Enrolment Retirement Savings Authority (NAERSA). Clarifications and compliance issues raised by the DSP The Department outlined that it has come to their attention that contribution levels under My Future Fund will be significantly higher than those currently reported in some occupational schemes, where employer contributions may be as low as 1% of salary. According to the correspondence, such low contribution rates are considerably below the initial and future contribution levels set for My Future Fund. The Department advises that any approach which results in employees being enrolled in schemes with substantially lower benefits could raise compliance concerns under the AE Act. The Department confirms that there has been no legislative change requiring employers to enrol staff in occupational schemes to circumvent automatic enrolment. However, it has become aware of cases where employees are being compelled to join such schemes, even where membership is not required under their contracts of employment. This practice, combined with very low employer contributions, could prevent employees from accessing My Future Fund and may constitute an offence under Section 128 of the AE Act. The letter also highlights compliance obligations. Employers enrolling staff in occupational schemes must meet disclosure requirements under the Pensions Act, ensuring employees receive full and accurate information about the terms and benefits of any scheme they join. Furthermore, sharing employee details with pension administrators without explicit consent may breach data protection law, exposing employers to legal and reputational risks. Finally, the Department notes that NAERSA, in consultation with the Pensions Authority, is considering developing standards to determine whether an occupational scheme qualifies as an exempt scheme under the AE Act. These standards will aim to include minimum contribution rates and conditions to ensure that any exempt pension schemes offers benefits at least as favourable as those provided under My Future Fund. Members should monitor these developments closely, as they will directly impact employer obligations and the advice professionals provide to clients.