Ahead of the 2024/25 online self-assessment (SA) filing and payment deadline of Saturday 31 January 2026, key information and reminders are set out below. Members are also advised to contact the Institute by email if they experience any issues in the coming weeks which prevent the filing of 2024/25 SA returns before the deadline so that we can discuss with HMRC. To the extent unforeseen events arise, we may be able to engage directly with HMRC to seek appropriate accommodations (in a similar manner as last year when various storms affected members). Ahead of this year’s filing deadline, more than 4,600 festive filers escaped the turkey and tinsel on Christmas Day to file their returns with 1-1.59pm being the busiest time; maybe the brussel sprouts were on to boil? Almost 10,500 then boxed clever to file on Boxing Day. However, as at 5 January 2026, almost 5.65 million returns were still due to be filed. By way of reminder, in November HMRC published its top SA filing tips for agents in Agent Update 137. Taxpayers should also be aware of the actions they may need to take due to the in-year changes from 30 October 2024 to the rates of capital gains tax (CGT). Due to this mid-year change, HMRC's online SA filing software does not automatically calculate gains at the correct rates if a taxpayer has gains both before and after the changes. This software has not been updated and defaults to the lower pre-30 October 2024 CGT rates for all gains.  If a taxpayer made disposals of non-residential property assets on or after 30 October 2024, the following actions need to be taken: Calculate the CGT adjustment amount: the taxpayer will need to calculate the difference between the CGT due at the new (higher) rate(s) and the amount calculated by the HMRC software. Use the HMRC calculator to work out the CGT adjustment amount: HMRC has provided an online calculator to help individuals work out the CGT adjustment amount. Enter the CGT adjustment amount on the 2024/25 SA return: the resulting CGT adjustment figure needs to be manually entered into box 51 (adjustments to Capital Gains Tax) on page CG4 of the Capital Gains summary pages (SA108) of the SA return, and Attach the online calculator calculation: it is also recommended that taxpayers save the results page from the online calculator and submit this as an attachment with their SA return.  Key messages for the SA deadline and materials can be found on HMRC’s Frontify platform. As this year’s filing deadline falls on a Saturday, HMRC has also sent the below message setting out details of their support arrangements on that day. This essentially means that there will be no support via telephone on 31 January, except for a call-back service for vulnerable taxpayers. HMRC has also explained below why it is taking this approach. “What we will offer on Saturday 31 January: Significantly enhanced webchat capacity – approximately 200 advisers, compared to our usual Saturday staffing of around 20. This represents a ten-fold increase in capacity. Broader service coverage – webchat will be available across Self Assessment, the Agent Dedicated Line, Extra Support Team, Bereavement, and the Online Services Helpdesk. This is a wider range of services than we could viably staff via phone lines on a Saturday. A callback process for vulnerable customers needing Extra Support or Complex Case team assistance. 24/7 digital resources – our digital assistant and comprehensive GOV.UK guidance will remain available throughout. Why we have taken this approach: We have concluded that the best way to support customers is to prioritise adviser availability in the days running up to the deadline, while providing a comprehensive webchat service on the Saturday itself. This ensures we maintain full capacity during the critical weekdays when demand is highest, while still offering real-time support on the deadline day. Importantly, all remaining Self Assessment customers will be filing digitally, as the paper filing deadline passed on 31 October. Our communications approach: We will be clear and upfront with customers from early January, giving them time to plan ahead. From the week commencing 5 January, we will begin daily social media posts encouraging early contact and digital use, alongside clear messaging that phone lines close on Friday 30 January and reopen on Monday 2 February. On 12 January, we will include details of Saturday's webchat service in our Self Assessment payment reminder press notice, update GOV.UK contact pages, and share information through the Agent Update. From 23 January, IVR messaging will be updated to confirm no phone lines on Saturday, and on 30 January we will issue a final reminder that it is the last day for phone support. This approach gives customers who prefer phone contact time to reach us during the week before the deadline, when we have maximum staffing in place.” Ahead of the filing deadline, the Institute has also been made aware that delays are being experienced in client authorisations being processed and the client appearing on the agent’s client list. We have been advised that HMRC is aware of the issue and a fix has been deployed  for new authorisations. All older authorisations should now be appearing on client lists. Any further issues experienced should be reported to HMRC’s online services helpdesk in the first instance with recourse to the Institute by email if these continue to hamper efforts to file by the deadline.

The Chancellor has asked the Office for Budget Responsibility to prepare an economic and fiscal forecast for publication on 3 March 2026, which is being referred to as the Spring Forecast. This will be followed in Parliament with a statement by the Chancellor, known as the Spring Statement. The Institute will report on this in full when it is announced. Following on from the Autumn Budget, the House of Commons Library has published a further research briefing on the Autumn Budget and the Finance (No. 2) Bill, in addition to a research briefing on the National Insurance Contributions (Employer Pensions Contributions) Bill. Last month the Treasury Committee held an evidence session with the Chancellor to discuss the Budget.

On 23 December 2025 the Government announced that the £1 million allowance for 100 percent agricultural property relief (APR) and business property relief (BPR) for inheritance tax (IHT) will now be increased to £2.5 million from 6 April 2026. Relief will remain limited to 50 percent on the amount of qualifying assets valued above this threshold resulting in an effective IHT charge of 20 percent (i.e., half the standard 40 percent IHT rate). Details of the announcement were made in a news release published by HM Treasury on 23 December 2025. Having lobbied heavily on this issue since the 2024 Budget and throughout 2025, the Institute issued a Press Release on 23 December reacting to the announcement noting this welcome mitigation including the confirmation of transferability of the allowance between spouses. A timeline of all formal lobbying and Press Releases on this issue by the Institute since it was announced in 2024 is set out below. When combined with the transferability of any unused amount of the allowance between spouses and civil partners, another Institute recommendation that was announced at the Autumn Budget in November 2025, this effectively means that a couple will have a combined allowance of £5 million before any unused amount of their transferable nil rate band is taken into account. This would potentially increase the overall 100 percent amount on which no IHT will be payable to £5.65 million should their full £325,000 nil rate band be unused. As a result, many farms and family owned businesses in Northern Ireland will continue to receive 100 percent APR and BPR and not have any IHT liability, protecting the succession plans of these businesses for the next generation. HMRC has published an updated policy paper on this issue which also confirms that if the first spouse or civil partner’s death was before 6 April 2026, it will be assumed that the entirety of their £2.5 million allowance is unused and thus will be available for transfer to the surviving spouse or civil partner. HMRC has also published an explanatory note on the Government’s tabled amendment for this change. Clause 62 and Schedule 12 of Finance (No. 2) Bill have since been amended and the full amendment papers have been published. Finance (No. 2) Bill has now had its second reading in the House of Commons; the next stage is Committee of the whole House which is scheduled to take place today, 12 January 2026. We also understand that during an exchange in Parliament between the Exchequer Secretary (XST) Dan Tomlinson and Robin Swann MLA, it has been suggested that the ability to transfer individual allowances to a spouse/civil partner may potentially also apply to intergenerational farms owned by other family members. The Hansard exchange discussing this has also been published. At present, this is not fully clear and requires Government clarification which we will monitor. The Hansard exchange also confirms that the Government now expects to raise around £300 million from this change. The expected tax take by 2029/30 from the original policy announced in the 2024 Autumn Budget was £520 million. It remains unclear if the Chancellor intends to announce new tax increases in the Spring Forecast to cover this new deficit. However this may not be needed given the £22 billion fiscal headroom provided by the most recent Budget. The full timeline of formal Institute representations and Press Releases on this issue since the Autumn Budget in 2024 is as follows: November 2024: meeting with HMRC on Autumn Budget 2024, December 2024: press release on APR and BPR, April 2025: letter to XST on APR and BPR, April 2025: response to consultation on APR and BPR, July 2025: press release on APR and BPR, September 2025: meeting with local Government on APR and BPR, October 2025: submission to House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee on APR and BPR, October 2025: Autumn Budget 2025 pre-Budget submission, October 2025: evidence session by Leontia Doran to House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee, November 2025: Autumn Budget Press Release, and December 2025: meeting with HMRC on Autumn Budget 2025.  

After months of intense discussion following the announcement by the US Administration that it would be withdrawing from its previous commitments under the OECD’s global minimum tax rules under Pillar Two, the OECD has now published details of a compromise agreement which paves the way for US cooperation with the project. The new package contains details of the new Side-by-Side Safe Harbour which will see countries that operate a minimum tax system with similar policy objectives and overlapping scope as Pillar Two being granted ‘Side-by-Side’ status. The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in the US introduced a new corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) of 15 percent effective for tax years beginning after 2022. As such, the same minimum tax rate that applies to US and Irish headquartered entities. This is naturally key to ensuring that the compromise agreement does not immediately provide a competitive advantage to companies headquartered in the US over similar entities headquartered in Europe and other jurisdictions implementing Pillar Two.  From an Irish perspective, the report notes, for companies applying the Side-by-Side Safe Harbour, a qualified domestic minimum top-up taxes (QDMTTs) aligned with the Pillar Two rules will continue to apply in Ireland. Therefore, Irish subsidiaries of US-headquartered companies should continue to pay QDMTTs in Ireland with an even playing field being maintained as a result. Overall, the package includes five key components: A series of simplifications to reduce the compliance burden on both in-scope entities and tax authorities. Rules to enhance alignment of tax incentives through a targeted substance-based tax incentive safe harbour. A new Side-by-Side (SbS) Safe Harbour for companies within a group whose ultimate parent entity is located in a jurisdiction that has not implemented Pillar Two and where that jurisdiction operates a minimum tax system with similar policy objectives and overlapping scope as Pillar Two.   A commitment to taking an evidence-based stocktake to ensure that a level playing field is maintained across the jurisdictions participating in the Pillar Two project. A commitment that the qualified domestic minimum top-up tax mechanism will be the primary mechanism for ensuring that local tax bases are protected through this process. The OECD will host a dedicated webinar to support implementation of the package on 13 January 2026. 

The OECD has published a report to support jurisdictions in the design and operation of digital continuous transactional reporting (DCTR) regimes for value added tax (VAT). The report promotes greater international consistency in the development of DCTR to assist in preventing complex compliance challenges for businesses.

On Thursday 8 January the Ulster Society ACA Professionals hosted a webinar titled  "Career Progression and Key information for Recently Qualified Members". This webinar hosted  is designed specifically to help recently qualified members make the most of their qualification, understand the supports available to them, and build confidence as they navigate the early years of their career. A recording of this webinar is available, to watch for free and on demand, HERE A copy of the slides used in this presentation are available HERE Event Focus • Career Journeys & Early Insights: Hear from our panellists as they share their routes into Chartered Accountancy and the professional experiences that shaped them. • Getting Involved: Learn how others first engaged with Chartered Accountants Ireland and the value they’ve gained from becoming active members. • Mentoring Matters: Explore the benefits of mentoring—both as a mentee and as a potential future mentor. Hear first-hand reflections on the advantages and impact of mentoring at key career stages. • Institute Supports: Find out how the Institute’s programmes, events and resources can support your development in the years ahead.

Welcome to the latest edition of Technical Roundup.  In developments since the last edition, Chartered Accountants Ireland, the Central Bank of Ireland and the EU Sanctions Helpdesk will hold an online webinar on 20 January at 10.30am, which will provide practical compliance support and guide participants through the essentials of EU sanctions compliance, the support available to Irish businesses, and how the EU Sanctions Helpdesk assists Small & Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). The International Federation of Accountants has announced the publication of the 2026 edition of the Handbook of International Education Standards. Read more on these and other developments that may be of interest to members below.  Financial Reporting   Chartered Accountants Ireland has issued its response to FRED 88 FRS 101 Reduced Disclosure Framework- 2025/26 cycle. The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) review FRS 101 each year to decide whether FRS 101 should provide exemptions from new disclosure requirements or whether other consequential amendments are required. In FRED 88, the FRC proposed that no amendments should be made to FRS 101 in this cycle. The Institute agreed with this proposal in its response. The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) has published the report of its intangible assets workshop series which were held in November 2025. This report discusses many areas of relevance, including the information needs of users of specific types of intangible assets. Auditing and Assurance  IAASA has updated five ISAs (Ireland) to reflect the adoption of the new Irish Corporate Governance Code, which applies to Euronext Dublin–listed entities for periods beginning 1 January 2025. Revised standards: ISA (Ireland) 260, 570, 700, 701, and 720. The revisions do not introduce new auditor requirements; they mainly align the standards with the new Code and update references.  The revised standards are available on the IAASA website. The International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) has issued narrow‑scope amendments to several of its standards in response to changes introduced by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) through its Using the Work of an External Expert project. These revisions align with IESBA’s recent updates to the International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards), which now include explicit ethical requirements for using the work of external experts in audit, assurance, and non‑assurance engagements. The IAASB’s amendments ensure continued interoperability and reflect strong coordination between both standard‑setting boards. Impacted IAASB Standards The targeted amendments apply to the following standards: ISA 620 – Using the Work of an Auditor’s Expert ISRE 2400 (Revised) – Engagements to Review Historical Financial Statements ISAE 3000 (Revised) – Assurance Engagements Other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Financial Information ISRS 4400 (Revised) – Agreed‑upon Procedures Engagements The IAASB has also released a Basis for Conclusions providing background and rationale for the updates. Sustainability  The European Commission issued an update regarding the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) operational procedures. In addition, various documents have also been published to support businesses in scope of CBAM including the CBAM Compliance Essentials for Importers and Indirect Customs Representatives as from 1 January 2026, CBAM Quick Guide, and a list of National Competent Authorities for CBAM. The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) has been appointed as the national competent authority in Ireland. CBAM becomes fully operational on 1 January 2026, marking the end of the two-year transitional phase (2023-2025). Following the release of the draft simplified European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), EFRAG has published the following documents, which are aimed at supporting users of the standard; Basis for Conclusions Cost–benefit analysis Logs of amendments for the 12 standards and for Annex II (Aggregated acronyms and glossary of terms) Comparative table of texts (Set 1 / ED / Technical Advice) for the 12 standards and for Annex II (Aggregated acronyms and glossary of terms) Explanatory note on Article 29b and its Annex The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) has issued its Q1 Implementation Insights Podcast. This episode highlights some of the resources available to support companies applying the ISSB standards. The European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) including EBA, EIOPA and ESMA published Joint Guidelines on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) stress testing. These Guidelines provide national insurance and banking supervisors with clear guidance on how to integrate ESG risks into supervisory stress tests, both when using established frameworks and when conducting complementary assessments of ESG risk impacts. The Joint Guidelines apply from 1 January 2027. Anti-money laundering and sanctions  Chartered Accountants Ireland, the Central Bank of Ireland, and the EU Sanctions Helpdesk will hold an online webinar on 20 January at 10.30am, which will provide practical compliance support and guide participants through the essentials of EU sanctions compliance, the support available to Irish businesses, and how the EU Sanctions Helpdesk assists SMEs. Through real-world case studies, participants will gain valuable insights into how to navigate due diligence challenges. There will be a Q&A with the panel. Registration is available at the following link. The European Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA) deepened its partnerships across the EU as the AMLA Chair concluded a Road Show of member states. Throughout the Road Show, the Chair held roundtable discussions with key stakeholders in each Member State. These roundtables were designed to encourage open dialogue and enable Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs), financial and non-financial supervisors, and the private sector to share their views. They exchanged perspectives on the new AML system, national risk landscapes, expectations, and perceived challenges, as well as trends in money laundering and terrorist financing.  The UK is moving to a single list for UK sanctions designations from 28 January 2026. Guidance has been issued by the UK's Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, HM Treasury, and Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI) to help business and industry prepare to use the UK Sanctions List as the only source for UK sanctions designations after the closure of the OFSI Consolidated List of Asset Freeze Targets. The UK's Office of Trade Sanctions Implementation (OTSI) published an update providing an overview of OTSI activities within its first year of operation, 2024 to 2025, and a forward look at future priorities. The Restrictive Measures Guidelines issued by European Banking Authority (EBA) apply as of 30  December 2025. These guidelines outline internal policies, procedures and controls to ensure the implementation of Union and national restrictive measures (targeted financial sanctions and sectoral measures e.g., economic and financial measures). Although the guidelines are for financial institutions, the guidelines do provide useful guidance for establishing internal governance arrangements and the policies, procedures and controls, which entities should have in place to be able to comply with restrictive measures. The UK National Crime Agency issued its SARs Annual Report April 2024-March 2025 on 29 December 2025. Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) The CBI's Governor Gabriel Makhlouf published his final blog of 2025 reflecting on Ireland and the Euro area’s economic performance in 2025 and looking ahead to 2026, drawing on CBI's December 2025 Quarterly Bulletin and the latest Eurosystem projections. The blog highlights that the economic narrative in 2025 has been dominated by geopolitical events that are reshaping the global economy. As a small, open economy, Ireland is exposed to these developments including potential fallout from increasing US tariffs. In 2026, there will need to be a focus on preparing for the unexpected and building resilience in the local and the Euro area economy. The CBI's Governor Gabriel Makhlouf delivered a speech at the annual Economics Winter Workshop for 2025 gathering of the Irish economics community to connect economists and policymakers from diverse backgrounds. The aim of the annual workshop is to foster collaborations that sustain the value of shared inquiry and fact-based research and analysis. Artificial Intelligence (AI) The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) published its horizon scan providing a forward-looking perspective of current and potential Artificial Intelligence (AI) related risks and trends including risks associated with deepfakes. Artificial intelligence and deepfake technologies are reshaping the financial crime landscape, introducing both unprecedented risks and new opportunities for detection and prevention. The FATF’s horizon scan on this topic underscores the need for enhanced vigilance and continuous innovation. Cybersecurity  Ireland's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) published a vulnerability alert for MongoDB Server regarding unauthenticated information disclosure of secrets. The NCSC strongly recommends installing updates for vulnerable systems with the highest priority, after thorough testing. Affected organisations should review the latest release notes and install the relevant updates from MongoDB Inc. Further information regarding this vulnerability is available at the following link.  The UK's Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) issued a response to the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill welcoming its introduction and its aim to strengthen the UK’s cyber defences and build the resilience of essential services, infrastructure, and digital services. The changes in the Bill and the updates to the NIS regulations in the UK reflect the fact that the cyber threat landscape is constantly evolving. This response was published following the Secretary of State for the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology introducing the Cyber Security and Resilience (Network and Information Systems) Bill (the Bill) to UK's parliament in late 2025.  In December 2025, the European Commission updated resources regarding the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) including a document regarding FAQs covering implementation of the CRA. The CRA entered into force on 10 December 2024, and the main obligations introduced by the Act will apply from 11 December 2027, with reporting obligations to apply as of 11 September 2026. The EU's CRA aims to make sure all digital products are safe from cyber threats and this rulebook will require that hardware and software are designed, updated, and maintained to protect users in an increasingly digital world. Ireland’s NCSC published a vulnerability alert for Net-SNMP regarding memory buffer overflow. The NCSC strongly recommends installing updates for vulnerable systems with the highest priority, after thorough testing. Affected organisations should review the latest release notes and install the relevant updates from Net-SNMP. Further information regarding this vulnerability is available at the following link. Other news  The European Council and Parliament agreed on an updated retail investment framework to empower and protect consumers when they invest. It aims to foster trust and increase competitiveness in the EU’s financial markets. This will also contribute to the EU’s savings and investments union (SIU) and to the simplification of financial services regulation - both priority initiatives to improve how the EU’s financial system channels savings into productive investments. The package takes the form of a directive containing targeted amendments to a number of other EU directives in the area of financial services such as the markets in financial instruments directive (MIFID), the Solvency II directive, the directive for undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) and the alternative investment and managers directive (AIFMD), and a regulation amending the packaged retail and insurance-based investment products (or ‘PRIIPs’ regulation). Northern Ireland’s Chief Charity Commissioner Gerard McCurdy has issued a New Year Message around Building trust, driving impact and shaping the future. In December 2025 the Institute responded to a consultation by the Irish Dept of Enterprise Tourism and Employment on proposed changes to the Companies Act 2014 and related legislation. The consultation related to access to the residential addresses of company officers. The Institute welcomes the proposed changes in relation to directors’ addresses and we understand that the changes will generally be welcomed by the company secretarial community. Similar proposed changes are suggested in the drafting of the Co-Operative Societies Bill and the Registration of Limited Partnership and Business Names Bill. Progress on both these pieces of draft legislation is awaited and hopefully will be advanced by the Government in 2026. The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has announced the publication of the 2026 edition of the Handbook of International Education Standards (IES). These Standards establish the principles, concepts and requirements that underpin high-quality accountancy education worldwide. Department of Enterprise, Tourism and Employment has published the Sectoral Capital Plan 2026-2030 as part of the government’s National Development Plan. The plan sets out how the department will spend €4.7 billion in capital investment over the next five years to strengthen Ireland’s enterprise and employment base, attract foreign direct investment, promote innovation and support tourism development across all regions. The EBA published its final draft Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS) on cooperation and colleges of supervisors for third country-branches. These standards are designed to enhance collaboration and information exchange among competent authorities supervising third-country branches in the EU. They also set out practical arrangements for organising colleges of supervisors, ensuring comprehensive supervision of all activities conducted by third-country groups within the Union. The UK's ICO signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with His Majesty's Government. This MOU sets out a shared understanding of working towards better government data security and use. For further technical information and updates please visit the Technical Hub on the Institute website.         This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in the information purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the information. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of the information we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained herein.  

This week the OECD published the details of the Pillar Two Side-by-Side Package, which paves the way for US cooperation with the Pillar Two initiative. The agreement exempts US headquartered multinationals from most of the Pillar Two rules (implemented in Ireland under the EU Minimum Taxation Directive). The compromise reached will see countries that operate a minimum tax system with similar policy objectives and overlapping scope as Pillar Two granted ‘Side-by-Side’ status (SbS).   Importantly from an Irish perspective, the report notes that qualified domestic minimum top-up taxes (QDMTTs) aligned with the Pillar Two rules will continue to apply to Irish subsidiaries of US-headquartered companies. As such, QDMTTs should continue to be collected in Ireland and an even playing field should be maintained as a result.  The Inflation Reduction Act in the US introduced a new corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) of 15 percent effective for tax years beginning after 2022. As such, the same minimum tax rate that applies to US and Irish headquartered entities. This is naturally key to ensuring that the compromise agreement does not immediately provide a competitive advantage to companies headquartered in the US over similar entities headquartered in Europe and other jurisdictions implementing Pillar Two.  In addition to the SbS Safe Harbour, the package also brings broader simplifications, including a simplified effective tax rate safe harbour, the extension of the transitional country-by-country reporting (CbCR) safe harbour, as well as a substance-based tax incentive safe harbour. 

Over a year ago Mario Draghi presented his competitiveness report to the European Commission and the European Parliament. Since then, along with defence and security, we have heard of little else from the EU, which is welcome. We have to improve EU competitiveness; we are losing ground to our competitors and businesses are too laden with regulation to innovate and grow. These are all arguments we have heard repeatedly from commentators and politicians alike over the past year. This was turbo charged in April when US president Donald Trump announced a series of tariffs on what he termed ‘liberation day’. Despite subsequent agreement between the EU and the United States, the stakes now could not be higher for Europe and all member states. The Draghi Report showed in clear terms that regulations, while well intentioned, have significant costs which are ultimately borne by businesses. This holds businesses back, prevents them from growing and scaling and hinders investment. It is one of the many reasons why companies go to other countries like the United States to grow and scale. If an Irish start-up wishes to expand into European markets, they need to learn, not only European rules but also the individual rules and regulations that are unique to each member state. In many cases this is an impossible task. The issue is not confined to small companies. Large companies also have to deal with complexity. Take tax, for example. Companies across Europe, including in Ireland, are implementing the EU Minimum Tax Directive which arose out of the OECD two pillar process. While that directive is locked in, many other countries, most notably the US, have yet to implement what were supposed to be global rules. Companies are spending thousands of hours and a lot of cash implementing an agreement that our main competitor jurisdictions are not. These are just some of the examples of the regulatory complexity facing companies in Europe, there are many more. One piece of regulation, in itself, may not add to the administrative burden, but it is the cumulative impact that can bury a business in red tape. Chartered Accountants Ireland fully endorses the Draghi Report and in particular the rallying call for regulatory simplification. As we move into 2026, what do we have to show for all the commentary on competitiveness? Well, progress has been made, but, as ever, tangible progress is slow. At a European level, throughout 2025, the Commission has proposed numerous omnibus proposals and other simplification initiatives in areas from digitalisation to small mid-caps to even the simplification of chemical legislation. From a tax perspective we have seen the Omnibus on Taxation which aims to simplify the increasingly complex tax environment across Europe. A 28th Regime, proposing a consistent company rulebook throughout the EU for small and medium-sized companies, has also been launched and is being led by Ireland’s EU Commissioner Michael McGrath. The Capital Markets Union which aimed to simplify the regulatory environment for capital and equity markets has been revived in the newly labelled Savings and Investment Union. The problem is that it is easy to talk about simplification, it is much harder to do it in practice. Each of these policy areas are monumental in their own right. Does the Commission have the capacity to really advance these well-meaning proposals through the Council and the Parliament? We know how long it can take to get proposals through the system, and some can lose momentum and get completely bogged down. The previously mentioned Capital Markets Union trundled along for many years with little to show for it at the end. As we move into 2026, Ireland has a unique opportunity to drive the competitiveness and simplification agenda forward with its Presidency of the Council of the European Union which is set to commence in July. A Council Presidency is not simply about hosting high-profile meetings and putting on a good show. A member state holding the presidency can set the agenda and outline the priorities for the European Union for six months. Chartered Accountants Ireland believes that Ireland, as a small open economy, with trade links throughout the world, is uniquely placed to significantly move the dial on the competitiveness and simplification agenda. That is one of the key messages in our recent submission to the public consultation on Ireland’s upcoming presidency undertaken by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Simplification is no simple task. It takes patience and determination, and it is for that reason we need politicians and policymakers to fully embrace the principal and to advance the competitiveness and simplification agenda. Ireland can do just that as it takes up the presidency in July. Director of Members & Advocacy, Cróna Clohisey.

  In this week’s Sustainability/ESG Bulletin from Chartered Accountants Ireland read about the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, and funding for the Women in Finance Charter. Also covered is criticism of the Government’s sectoral adaptation plans for extreme weather events, funding allocated for enterprise decarbonisation, international recommendations for Ireland’s energy future, private wires legislation, and a new package to boost circular economy and strengthen Europe's plastic recycling, as well as the latest articles, resources, jobs and upcoming events.   IRELAND Definitive phase of CBAM begins The Definitive Phase of CBAM – the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (‘CBAM’) – began from 1 January 2026, with importers of more than 50 tonnes of CBAM goods needing to apply for the status of authorised CBAM declarant to continue doing so. CBAM is an EU instrument for preventing carbon leakage, i.e. shifting the production of goods to non-EU countries where there is a lower or no carbon cost associated with their production. The mechanism is applied to so-called CBAM goods imported to the EU from outside the EU and specified in an EU Regulation (EU) 2023/956. Its objective is for the prices of certain goods imported to the EU to reflect more accurately their carbon content. The CBAM also aims to encourage third countries, foreign producers and EU importers to reduce their emissions. The CBAM commenced in its transitional phase as of 1 October 2023. Only reporting obligations arise during the Transitional Period (1 October 2023 to 31 December 2025).  More information on CBAM can be found on the website of the Environmental Protection Agency, the CBAM National Competent Authority in Ireland. Minister Troy announces Government funding to ensure continuation of Women in Finance Charter Minister of State with responsibility for Financial Services, Credit Unions, and Insurance, Robert Troy, T.D. has announced direct Government support for Ireland’s Women in Finance Charter, which seeks to improve female representation in financial services firms operating in Ireland. Led by industry and supported by government, the Charter, which originated under the Ireland for Finance strategy in 2022, will receive €50,000 funding to support continued research and data gathering. Women now account for 43.4 percent of senior management amongst signatory firms, compared to 36.2 percent when firms signed up. Over 72,000 employees in financial and insurance sector are now represented in the Charter through 104 signatories. A public procurement process is underway to identify a data partner for the 2026 period. Criticism of the Government’s plan to cope with extreme weather events In a letter to the Government, the Climate Change Advisory Council has criticised the Government’s Sectoral Adaptation Plans (SAPs), published in November 2025, as lacking sufficient ambition, resourcing and systemic approach to prevent, among other things, increased negative economic impacts from extreme weather events. The independent advisory group highlighted, in particular, “the deep uncertainty around the levels of finance available to support meaningful adaptation action”, and the lack of clarity in the prioritisation of actions to address the risks highlighted during the recent National Climate Change Risk Assessment (NCCRA).  In January 2025, Storm Éowyn reportedly caused an estimated €301 million, making it the most expensive insurance event in Irish history, revealing weaknesses in the country’s power, communications and water infrastructure. Globally, the 10 most costly climate-related disasters in 2025 were responsible for an estimated €100 billion in damages. €300 million to support industry to reduce emissions and transition to low-carbon operations €300 million has been allocated in the Department of Enterprise, Tourism and Employment’s Sectoral Capital Plan 2026-2030 to support industry to reduce emissions and transition to low-carbon operations. The allocation is part of a €4.7 billion investment in the Department’s capital plan, which sets out how it will spend €4.7 billion in capital investment over the next five years in order to strengthen Ireland’s enterprise and employment base, attract foreign direct investment, promote innovation and support tourism development across all regions. The Sectoral Capital Plan is part of the Government’s National Development Plan 2026-2030, which aims to provide €275 billion to boost the Irish economy’s competitiveness and growth potential across the key areas of water, energy, transport and housing. 2026 renewable fuel rates announced Minister for Transport Darragh O’Brien has signed regulations giving effect to transport elements of the EU Renewable Energy Directive, including the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) rates for 2026. Regulations come into effect on 1 January 2026. The Renewable Transport Fuel Policy 2025–2027, published in June 2025, sets out a pathway for increasing renewable transport fuel use. This is to support achievement of Ireland’s Climate Action Plan and EU Renewable Energy Directive 2030 targets, for an increased share of renewable energy in transport and transport decarbonisation.  Ireland a ‘frontrunner in integrating wind power’, international report finds The International Energy Agency (IEA) has published an assessment of Ireland's Energy Security to 2035, in which it states that Ireland is a global frontrunner in integrating renewables, but that strategic choices lie ahead to ensure energy security in the coming decade. The report, 'Powering Ireland's Energy Future',  notes that as Ireland's energy, climate and socio-economic goals align around the electricity system, this could lead to demand potentially doubling and require faster delivery of infrastructure and renewables. There are significant challenges and opportunities ahead to align planning and policies across key sectors of the economy to support a secure, affordable and sustainable energy system. The report sets out five pillars for policy action: establishing a cross-sectoral energy security strategy for the 2030s; delivering the enabling infrastructure to accommodate the growth of electricity demand and supply; accelerating the delivery of generation capacity, storage and demand-side flexibility; enabling secure system operation under high renewable penetration; advancing workforce skills, and strengthening partnerships and facilitating electrification. Government approves the drafting of the Private Wires Bill Government has approved the drafting of the Private Wires Bill, which will amend the Electricity Regulation Act 1999 to enable private development of electricity wires in specific circumstances, including – among other things – to allow on-street charging solutions for Electric Vehicles and to allow a customer that self-supplies electricity to provide electricity to a separate customer in a contiguous premises. Private wires legislation will aid the build-out of Ireland's electricity grid, whilst simultaneously accelerating the roll-out of renewable energy and electricity storage solutions. This bill is the next step in implementing the Private Wires Policy Framework, an action in the Climate Action Plan and Programme for Government 2025. Separately, investment of up to €18.9 billion has been announced for Ireland's energy infrastructure. The aim of the investment is to provide for Ireland’s growing population and to facilitate investment in Ireland’s economy. The programme, which will be supported by €3.5 billion government equity investment in the country’s electricity infrastructure, will facilitate a wide range of infrastructure delivery including increasing capacity on the network and upgrading existing infrastructure to meet the growing electricity demand from homes and businesses, as well as the electrification of public transport projects. 20 new Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Champions for 2025-2027 20 new organisations from across Irish society have been appointed to become Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Champions for the next 18 months. Organisations ranging from Galway City Council to Grant Thornton, are leading by example in driving forward progress to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This brings to 74 the number of SDG Champions in Ireland now. EUROPE New package of measures to boost circular economy and strengthen Europe's plastic recycling The European Commission has unveiled a set of pilot actions to accelerate Europe's transition to a circular economy, with a particular focus on the plastics sector. By optimising the recycling of plastics, these measures will further unlock the potential of the Single Market and enhance the EU's economic security, strategic autonomy, competitiveness and environmental sustainability. This is in line with the analysis of the Draghi report, which highlights circularity and resource efficiency as key levers for strengthening Europe's industrial competitiveness. Joint Declaration on EU legislative priorities for 2026 signed The Presidents of European Parliament, Council and Commission have signed a Joint Declaration on EU legislative priorities for 2026, focusing on boosting the EU's competitiveness and resilience, safeguarding citizens and businesses, while pursuing ambitious simplification goals and working towards agreement on the next Multiannual Financial Framework. Utmost priority will be given to key policy objectives for a new era for European defence and security, to secure Europe's sustainable prosperity, competitiveness and simplification, to strengthen our societies and our social model and quality of life, to ensure comprehensive approach to broader management and migration, to protect our democracy, uphold our values and to leverage our global influence and partnerships. TECHNICAL ACCOUNTING UPDATE (From our colleagues in Professional Accounting on 19 December) In the EU, Omnibus I concluded on 16 December 2025 when the European Parliament (EP) approved a provisional agreement to simplify and reduce the scope of sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements for companies. Only EU companies with over 1,000 employees on average and a net annual turnover exceeding €450 million will be in scope for the CSRD. The CSDDD will apply only to EU companies with over 5,000 employees and a net annual turnover above €1.5 billion. Please see the final text of the proposal which provides further details.   Accountancy Europe has shared some of its views in relation to the political compromise on the  Sustainability Omnibus Proposals.   The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) has issued targeted amendments to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions disclosure requirements in IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures in response to specific application challenges that were identified as companies started to apply the Standard.   The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) and the German Standard-Setter (ASCG) are jointly hosting the second Sustainability Standards Conference in Frankfurt on 18 May 2026.   The ISSB has published its December 2025 update and podcast.   IAASA has published its observations on Wave 1 CSRD reporting, summarising key findings from their supervisory work during the first year of CSRD implementation in Ireland.   The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group(EFRAG) has published three guides to help SMEs report on disclosures identified as particularly challenging in the public consultation and field test on VSME, as well as a report into the VSME Market Acceptance. This explores the level of awareness in relation to the VSME, as well as its acceptance as a voluntary sustainability reporting tool.   GRI, the Global Reporting Initiative, has conducted research into the value of sustainability reporting. In 22 of the 30 studies reviewed by GRI, a positive correlation was found between companies who disclose their sustainability impacts and improved financial performance. ARTICLES How to begin your sustainability journey- Practical steps, lessons learned and what really matters, by Dr Rosie O’Neill, director of sustainability with IFAC (BusinessPlus) SustainabilityWorks top trends shaping corporate sustainability in 2026 - and why they matter for business performance: (SustainabilityWorks) Powering transport and heating with electricity instead of fossil fuel could save the Republic €2.8 billion a year, experts say (Irish Times) The solution to tackling the climate crisis? We need everything - Wind, solar, green hydrogen - every scalable option shown to work at reasonable cost is required (Irish Times) Ireland’s faltering switch to clean energy laid bare by increase in oil and gas use (Irish Times) Ireland had its warmest spring and summer since 1900 last year (The Journal) Green Debt Sales Hit Record Levels - Investors have piled into climate-friendly assets this year despite policy and regulatory rollbacks in the US and Europe, as artificial intelligence drives a boom in energy infrastructure demand (Bloomberg) Climate insurance legal action surges as property damage costs rise (Financial Times) New York Releases Regulation Requiring Mandatory GHG Reporting for Large Emitters from 2027 (ESG Today) PODCAST “Ireland can’t be sustainable without biodiversity.”   Trinity’s Professor Jane Stout unpacks some of the risks for businesses: supply chains, compliance, reputation and financial exposure (The Energy Canvas, 40 mins, 13 seconds) EVENTS Chartered Accountants Ireland Ulster Society, CAB Series ESG Webinar The Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) landscape is evolving rapidly, bringing both challenges and opportunities for chartered accountants in business. This webinar will explore how ESG is influencing corporate strategy, performance measurement and stakeholder trust. Speakers will discuss the growing responsibilities of finance professionals, the skills required to navigate ESG effectively, and how chartered accountants can add value in an increasingly sustainability-focused business environment. Virtual, Wed 14 January, 1-2pm Pentland Centre for Sustainability in Business - Lancaster University,  SMEs - Learning about Nature and Biodiversity This is the first in a series of three free webinars from the Pentland Centre for Sustainability in Business aimed at SMEs curious about nature and biodiversity links to business activity. This session provides a natural science introduction to ecosystems and explains how these aspects impact business operations, with examples from different sectors. Virtual |  Thursday 15 January  |   8:00am – 9:00am | 4.00pm – 5.00pm Dublin Chamber, The Sustainability Network - Creating Business Value Through Sustainability Join us on Wednesday the 4th of February for This January, Dublin Chamber is introducing a new Sustainability Network event created for organisations that are facing growing sustainability expectations and are unsure how to turn pressure into progress. Many teams are trying to balance commercial priorities with sustainability planning, often without clear guidance. This interactive event is designed to support that work. In person |  Tue 13 Jan 2026 |  08:30am - 11:00am  |  Dublin Chamber, 7 Clare Street, Dublin 2 D02 F Dublin Chamber, The Sustainability Academy: Green Public Procurement Training Join us on Wednesday the 4th of February for Half-day virtual workshop on Green Public Procurement as part of Sustainable Academy, sponsored by AIB. All companies now need to learn the green public procurement rules to bid and win new contracts with the public sector. Virtual, Wed 4 Feb 2026 | 9am - 12.30pm. Pentland Centre for Sustainability in Business - Lancaster University, Starting Your Journey with Tools and Frameworks Second in the series, this webinar explores tools and frameworks that support decision-making for nature and biodiversity, including the Natural Capital Protocol and TNFD. Learn how these approaches help businesses identify relevant priorities and communicate outcomes effectively. Virtual, Thursday 12 February 2026, 8:00am – 9: 00am | 4.00pm – 5.00pm ICAEW, Putting nature on the balance sheet — Troubleshooting session Troubleshooting session to tackle common challenges on how to embed nature into the activities and processes of the finance function. Virtual, Wednesday, 18 February, 2026, 4 - 5pm CET Pentland Centre for Sustainability in Business - Lancaster University, What Does ‘Good’ Look Like in Corporate Reporting? The final session in the Pentland Centre’s free webinar series for SMEs explores what effective reporting on nature and biodiversity looks like. Drawing on global examples, this webinar highlights best practices and practical approaches for integrating nature and biodiversity into corporate reporting. Virtual, Thursday 12 March 2026, 8:00am – 9:00am | 4.00pm – 5.00pm Sustainability Centre You can find information, guidance and supports to understand sustainability and meet the challenges it presents in our online Sustainability Centre.

In December 2025 the Institute published Technical Alert TA 05/2025 - Outline of selected changes under the European Union 6th Anti Money Laundering Package. The Alert provides a high-level outline of some of the changes which will occur when AMLD6 comes into force in 2027.Readers can read a news item on Technical Alert TA05/2025 and the changes here . The Professional Accounting team has now updated our Technical Hub to include links to the Technical Alert , the December news item on the alert and some links to Accountancy Europe resources on AMLA and AMLD 6 .   This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in these pages purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the pages. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of these pages, we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained in these pages.  

From the Professional Accountancy team…... In December 2025 the Institute responded to a consultation by the Irish Dept of Enterprise Tourism and Employment on proposed changes to the Companies Act 2014 and related legislation. The consultation related to access to the residential addresses of company officers. The Institute welcomes the proposed changes in relation to directors’ addresses and we understand that the changes will generally be welcomed by the company secretarial community. Similar proposed changes are suggested in the drafting of the Co-Operative Societies Bill and the Registration of Limited Partnership and Business Names Bill. Progress on both these pieces of draft legislation is awaited and hopefully will be advanced by the Government in 2026. This information is provided as resources and information only and nothing in these pages purports to provide professional advice or definitive legal interpretation(s) or opinion(s) on the applicable legislation or legal or other matters referred to in the pages. If the reader is in doubt on any matter in this complex area further legal or other advice must be obtained. While every reasonable care has been taken by the Institute in the preparation of these pages, we do not guarantee the accuracy or veracity of any resource, guidance, information or opinion, or the appropriateness, suitability or applicability of any practice or procedure contained therein. The Institute is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of the resources or information contained in these pages.